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10 changes: 7 additions & 3 deletions docs/source/en/_toctree.yml
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title: Load community pipelines and components
- local: using-diffusers/schedulers
title: Load schedulers and models
- local: using-diffusers/using_safetensors
title: Load safetensors
- local: using-diffusers/other-formats
title: Load different Stable Diffusion formats
title: Model files and layouts
- local: using-diffusers/loading_adapters
title: Load adapters
- local: using-diffusers/push_to_hub
Expand All @@ -59,6 +57,8 @@
title: Distributed inference with multiple GPUs
- local: using-diffusers/merge_loras
title: Merge LoRAs
- local: using-diffusers/scheduler_features
title: Scheduler features
- local: using-diffusers/callback
title: Pipeline callbacks
- local: using-diffusers/reusing_seeds
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- local: using-diffusers/weighted_prompts
title: Prompt techniques
title: Inference techniques
- sections:
- local: advanced_inference/outpaint
title: Outpainting
title: Advanced inference
- sections:
- local: using-diffusers/sdxl
title: Stable Diffusion XL
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231 changes: 231 additions & 0 deletions docs/source/en/advanced_inference/outpaint.md
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<!--Copyright 2024 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
-->

# Outpainting

Outpainting extends an image beyond its original boundaries, allowing you to add, replace, or modify visual elements in an image while preserving the original image. Like [inpainting](../using-diffusers/inpaint), you want to fill the white area (in this case, the area outside of the original image) with new visual elements while keeping the original image (represented by a mask of black pixels). There are a couple of ways to outpaint, such as with a [ControlNet](https://hf.co/blog/OzzyGT/outpainting-controlnet) or with [Differential Diffusion](https://hf.co/blog/OzzyGT/outpainting-differential-diffusion).

This guide will show you how to outpaint with an inpainting model, ControlNet, and a ZoeDepth estimator.

Before you begin, make sure you have the [controlnet_aux](https://github.com/huggingface/controlnet_aux) library installed so you can use the ZoeDepth estimator.

```py
!pip install -q controlnet_aux
```

## Image preparation

Start by picking an image to outpaint with and remove the background with a Space like [BRIA-RMBG-1.4](https://hf.co/spaces/briaai/BRIA-RMBG-1.4).

<iframe
src="https://briaai-bria-rmbg-1-4.hf.space"
frameborder="0"
width="850"
height="450"
></iframe>
For example, remove the background from this image of a pair of shoes.

<div class="flex flex-row gap-4">
<div class="flex-1">
<img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/stevhliu/testing-images/resolve/main/original-jordan.png"/>
<figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">original image</figcaption>
</div>
<div class="flex-1">
<img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/stevhliu/testing-images/resolve/main/no-background-jordan.png"/>
<figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">background removed</figcaption>
</div>
</div>

[Stable Diffusion XL (SDXL)](../using-diffusers/sdxl) models work best with 1024x1024 images, but you can resize the image to any size as long as your hardware has enough memory to support it. The transparent background in the image should also be replaced with a white background. Create a function (like the one below) that scales and pastes the image onto a white background.

```py
import random

import requests
import torch
from controlnet_aux import ZoeDetector
from PIL import Image, ImageOps

from diffusers import (
AutoencoderKL,
ControlNetModel,
StableDiffusionXLControlNetPipeline,
StableDiffusionXLInpaintPipeline,
)

def scale_and_paste(original_image):
aspect_ratio = original_image.width / original_image.height

if original_image.width > original_image.height:
new_width = 1024
new_height = round(new_width / aspect_ratio)
else:
new_height = 1024
new_width = round(new_height * aspect_ratio)

resized_original = original_image.resize((new_width, new_height), Image.LANCZOS)
white_background = Image.new("RGBA", (1024, 1024), "white")
x = (1024 - new_width) // 2
y = (1024 - new_height) // 2
white_background.paste(resized_original, (x, y), resized_original)

return resized_original, white_background

original_image = Image.open(
requests.get(
"https://huggingface.co/datasets/stevhliu/testing-images/resolve/main/no-background-jordan.png",
stream=True,
).raw
).convert("RGBA")
resized_img, white_bg_image = scale_and_paste(original_image)
```

To avoid adding unwanted extra details, use the ZoeDepth estimator to provide additional guidance during generation and to ensure the shoes remain consistent with the original image.

```py
zoe = ZoeDetector.from_pretrained("lllyasviel/Annotators")
image_zoe = zoe(white_bg_image, detect_resolution=512, image_resolution=1024)
image_zoe
```

<div class="flex justify-center">
<img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/stevhliu/testing-images/resolve/main/zoedepth-jordan.png"/>
</div>

## Outpaint

Once your image is ready, you can generate content in the white area around the shoes with [controlnet-inpaint-dreamer-sdxl](https://hf.co/destitech/controlnet-inpaint-dreamer-sdxl), a SDXL ControlNet trained for inpainting.

Load the inpainting ControlNet, ZoeDepth model, VAE and pass them to the [`StableDiffusionXLControlNetPipeline`]. Then you can create an optional `generate_image` function (for convenience) to outpaint an initial image.

```py
controlnets = [
ControlNetModel.from_pretrained(
"destitech/controlnet-inpaint-dreamer-sdxl", torch_dtype=torch.float16, variant="fp16"
),
ControlNetModel.from_pretrained(
"diffusers/controlnet-zoe-depth-sdxl-1.0", torch_dtype=torch.float16
),
]
vae = AutoencoderKL.from_pretrained("madebyollin/sdxl-vae-fp16-fix", torch_dtype=torch.float16).to("cuda")
pipeline = StableDiffusionXLControlNetPipeline.from_pretrained(
"SG161222/RealVisXL_V4.0", torch_dtype=torch.float16, variant="fp16", controlnet=controlnets, vae=vae
).to("cuda")

def generate_image(prompt, negative_prompt, inpaint_image, zoe_image, seed: int = None):
if seed is None:
seed = random.randint(0, 2**32 - 1)

generator = torch.Generator(device="cpu").manual_seed(seed)

image = pipeline(
prompt,
negative_prompt=negative_prompt,
image=[inpaint_image, zoe_image],
guidance_scale=6.5,
num_inference_steps=25,
generator=generator,
controlnet_conditioning_scale=[0.5, 0.8],
control_guidance_end=[0.9, 0.6],
).images[0]

return image

prompt = "nike air jordans on a basketball court"
negative_prompt = ""

temp_image = generate_image(prompt, negative_prompt, white_bg_image, image_zoe, 908097)
```

Paste the original image over the initial outpainted image. You'll improve the outpainted background in a later step.

```py
x = (1024 - resized_img.width) // 2
y = (1024 - resized_img.height) // 2
temp_image.paste(resized_img, (x, y), resized_img)
temp_image
```

<div class="flex justify-center">
<img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/stevhliu/testing-images/resolve/main/initial-outpaint.png"/>
</div>

> [!TIP]
> Now is a good time to free up some memory if you're running low!
>
> ```py
> pipeline=None
> torch.cuda.empty_cache()
> ```
Now that you have an initial outpainted image, load the [`StableDiffusionXLInpaintPipeline`] with the [RealVisXL](https://hf.co/SG161222/RealVisXL_V4.0) model to generate the final outpainted image with better quality.
```py
pipeline = StableDiffusionXLInpaintPipeline.from_pretrained(
"OzzyGT/RealVisXL_V4.0_inpainting",
torch_dtype=torch.float16,
variant="fp16",
vae=vae,
).to("cuda")
```
Prepare a mask for the final outpainted image. To create a more natural transition between the original image and the outpainted background, blur the mask to help it blend better.

```py
mask = Image.new("L", temp_image.size)
mask.paste(resized_img.split()[3], (x, y))
mask = ImageOps.invert(mask)
final_mask = mask.point(lambda p: p > 128 and 255)
mask_blurred = pipeline.mask_processor.blur(final_mask, blur_factor=20)
mask_blurred
```

<div class="flex justify-center">
<img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/stevhliu/testing-images/resolve/main/blurred-mask.png"/>
</div>

Create a better prompt and pass it to the `generate_outpaint` function to generate the final outpainted image. Again, paste the original image over the final outpainted background.

```py
def generate_outpaint(prompt, negative_prompt, image, mask, seed: int = None):
if seed is None:
seed = random.randint(0, 2**32 - 1)

generator = torch.Generator(device="cpu").manual_seed(seed)

image = pipeline(
prompt,
negative_prompt=negative_prompt,
image=image,
mask_image=mask,
guidance_scale=10.0,
strength=0.8,
num_inference_steps=30,
generator=generator,
).images[0]

return image

prompt = "high quality photo of nike air jordans on a basketball court, highly detailed"
negative_prompt = ""

final_image = generate_outpaint(prompt, negative_prompt, temp_image, mask_blurred, 7688778)
x = (1024 - resized_img.width) // 2
y = (1024 - resized_img.height) // 2
final_image.paste(resized_img, (x, y), resized_img)
final_image
```

<div class="flex justify-center">
<img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/stevhliu/testing-images/resolve/main/final-outpaint.png"/>
</div>
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion docs/source/en/api/models/vq.md
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## VQEncoderOutput

[[autodoc]] models.vq_model.VQEncoderOutput
[[autodoc]] models.autoencoders.vq_model.VQEncoderOutput
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion docs/source/en/conceptual/philosophy.md
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Expand Up @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ The following design principles are followed:
- Pipelines should be used **only** for inference.
- Pipelines should be very readable, self-explanatory, and easy to tweak.
- Pipelines should be designed to build on top of each other and be easy to integrate into higher-level APIs.
- Pipelines are **not** intended to be feature-complete user interfaces. For future complete user interfaces one should rather have a look at [InvokeAI](https://github.com/invoke-ai/InvokeAI), [Diffuzers](https://github.com/abhishekkrthakur/diffuzers), and [lama-cleaner](https://github.com/Sanster/lama-cleaner).
- Pipelines are **not** intended to be feature-complete user interfaces. For feature-complete user interfaces one should rather have a look at [InvokeAI](https://github.com/invoke-ai/InvokeAI), [Diffuzers](https://github.com/abhishekkrthakur/diffuzers), and [lama-cleaner](https://github.com/Sanster/lama-cleaner).
- Every pipeline should have one and only one way to run it via a `__call__` method. The naming of the `__call__` arguments should be shared across all pipelines.
- Pipelines should be named after the task they are intended to solve.
- In almost all cases, novel diffusion pipelines shall be implemented in a new pipeline folder/file.
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