feat(popover): add desktop support

[liamdebeasi]

Pull request checklist

Please check if your PR fulfills the following requirements:

• Tests for the changes have been added (for bug fixes / features)
• Docs have been reviewed and added / updated if needed (for bug fixes / features)
• Build (npm run build) was run locally and any changes were pushed
• Lint (npm run lint) has passed locally and any fixes were made for failures

Pull request type

Please check the type of change your PR introduces:

• Bugfix
• Feature
• Code style update (formatting, renaming)
• Refactoring (no functional changes, no api changes)
• Build related changes
• Documentation content changes
• Other (please describe):

What is the current behavior?

Issue Number: resolves #21599

What is the new behavior?

• Added ability to nest popovers (I.e. nested desktop context menus)
• Added ability to display popovers on different sides of trigger
• Added ability to align popovers with trigger
• Added ability to show popover on click, hover, or context menu relative to a designated trigger
• Added ability to disable arrow on ios
• Added ability to auto dismiss popover when content is selected
• Added ability to display popover relative to trigger or x/y coordinates of click event
• Added ability to make popover same width as trigger element
• Added offset CSS variables
• Animations are now snappier

Does this introduce a breaking change?

• Yes
• No

Other information

[bitflower]

Hi @liamdebeasi, I wonder if an issue I have encountered recently is related. It's also in the desktop context. Modal though, but as I see from the code all things overlays are interrelated.

#23278

[willmartian]

Everything looks really solid here! Dropped a view comments that are definitely optional/opinionated

[liamdebeasi]

Need to add tests for framework-specific integrations (namely react and angular). Will add this in a separate PR.