replace Activator.CreateInstance<T>() with new T()

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb.Tests/RepoDb.IntegrationTests/Helper.cs

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ public static string GetUnicodeString()
         /// <param name="strict">True if to be strict on the conversion.</param>
         /// <returns>The instance of the converted object.</returns>
         public static T ConverToType<T>(object obj, bool strict = true)
+            where T : new()
         {
             var fromType = obj.GetType();
             var toTypeProperties = typeof(T).GetProperties();
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ public static T ConverToType<T>(object obj, bool strict = true)
                 }
                 if (result == null)
                 {
-                    result = Activator.CreateInstance<T>();
+                    result = new T();
                 }
                 toProperty.SetValue(result, property.GetValue(obj));
             });

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/BaseRepository.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ namespace RepoDb
     /// <typeparam name="TEntity">The type of data entity object to be mapped on this repository.</typeparam>
     /// <typeparam name="TDbConnection">The type of the <see cref="DbConnection"/> object.</typeparam>
     public abstract partial class BaseRepository<TEntity, TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
         where TEntity : class
     {
         #region Constructors

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/DbRepository.cs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ namespace RepoDb
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="TDbConnection">The type of the <see cref="DbConnection"/> object.</typeparam>
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region Fields
 
@@ -290,8 +290,10 @@ public TDbConnection CreateConnection(bool force)
                 {
                     if (this.connection == null)
                     {
-                        connection = Activator.CreateInstance<TDbConnection>();
-                        connection.ConnectionString = ConnectionString;
+                        connection = new TDbConnection
+                        {
+                            ConnectionString = ConnectionString
+                        };
                         this.connection = connection;
                     }
                     else
@@ -302,8 +304,10 @@ public TDbConnection CreateConnection(bool force)
             }
             else
             {
-                connection = Activator.CreateInstance<TDbConnection>();
-                connection.ConnectionString = ConnectionString;
+                connection = new TDbConnection
+                {
+                    ConnectionString = ConnectionString
+                };
             }
             return connection;
         }

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Mappers/ClassHandlerMapper.cs

@@ -32,8 +32,9 @@ public static class ClassHandlerMapper
         /// <typeparam name="TType">The target .NET CLR type.</typeparam>
         /// <typeparam name="TClassHandler">The type of the handler.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="force">A value that indicates whether to force the mapping. If one is already exists, then it will be overwritten.</param>
-        public static void Add<TType, TClassHandler>(bool force = false) =>
-            Add(typeof(TType), Activator.CreateInstance<TClassHandler>(), force);
+        public static void Add<TType, TClassHandler>(bool force = false)
+            where TClassHandler : new() =>
+            Add(typeof(TType), new TClassHandler(), force);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Adds a mapping between a .NET CLR type and a <see cref="IClassHandler{TEntity}"/> object.

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Mappers/EntityMapFluentDefinition.cs

@@ -396,8 +396,9 @@ public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> DbType(Field field,
         /// </summary>
         /// <typeparam name="TClassHandler">The type of the <see cref="IClassHandler{TEntity}"/>.</typeparam>
         /// <returns>The current instance.</returns>
-        public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> ClassHandler<TClassHandler>() =>
-            ClassHandler<TClassHandler>(Activator.CreateInstance<TClassHandler>());
+        public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> ClassHandler<TClassHandler>() 
+            where TClassHandler : new() =>
+            ClassHandler(new TClassHandler());
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Defines a mapping between a data entity type and a <see cref="IClassHandler{TEntity}"/> object. It uses the <see cref="Activator.CreateInstance(Type)"/> method to create the instance of target <see cref="IClassHandler{TEntity}"/>.
@@ -406,8 +407,9 @@ public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> ClassHandler<TClassHandler>() =>
         /// <typeparam name="TClassHandler">The type of the <see cref="IClassHandler{TEntity}"/>.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="force">A value that indicates whether to force the mapping. If one is already exists, then it will be overwritten.</param>
         /// <returns>The current instance.</returns>
-        public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> ClassHandler<TClassHandler>(bool force) =>
-            ClassHandler<TClassHandler>(Activator.CreateInstance<TClassHandler>(), force);
+        public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> ClassHandler<TClassHandler>(bool force) 
+            where TClassHandler : new() =>
+            ClassHandler(new TClassHandler(), force);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Defines a mapping between a data entity type and a <see cref="IClassHandler{TEntity}"/> object.
@@ -447,8 +449,9 @@ public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> ClassHandler<TClassHandler>(TClassHand
         /// <typeparam name="TPropertyHandler">The type of the <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/>.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="expression">The expression to be parsed.</param>
         /// <returns>The current instance.</returns>
-        public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> expression) =>
-            PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(expression, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>());
+        public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> expression) 
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            PropertyHandler(expression, new TPropertyHandler());
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Defines a mapping between a data entity type property and a <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/> object. It uses the <see cref="Activator.CreateInstance(Type)"/> method to create the instance of target <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/>.
@@ -459,8 +462,9 @@ public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(Expr
         /// <param name="force">A value that indicates whether to force the mapping. If one is already exists, then it will be overwritten.</param>
         /// <returns>The current instance.</returns>
         public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> expression,
-            bool force) =>
-            PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(expression, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), force);
+            bool force) 
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            PropertyHandler(expression, new TPropertyHandler(), force);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Defines a mapping between a data entity type property and a <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/> object.
@@ -500,8 +504,9 @@ public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(Expr
         /// <typeparam name="TPropertyHandler">The type of the <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/>.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the class property to be mapped.</param>
         /// <returns>The current instance.</returns>
-        public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(string propertyName) =>
-            PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(propertyName, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), false);
+        public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(string propertyName) 
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            PropertyHandler(propertyName, new TPropertyHandler(), false);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Adds a <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/> mapping into a data entity type property (via property name).
@@ -541,8 +546,9 @@ public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(stri
         /// <typeparam name="TPropertyHandler">The type of the <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/>.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="field">The instance of <see cref="Field"/> object to be mapped.</param>
         /// <returns>The current instance.</returns>
-        public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(Field field) =>
-            PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(field, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), false);
+        public EntityMapFluentDefinition<TEntity> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(Field field)
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            PropertyHandler(field, new TPropertyHandler(), false);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Adds a <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/> mapping into a data entity type property (via <see cref="Field"/> object).

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Mappers/PropertyHandlerMapper.cs

@@ -34,8 +34,9 @@ public static class PropertyHandlerMapper
         /// <typeparam name="TType">The target .NET CLR type.</typeparam>
         /// <typeparam name="TPropertyHandler">The type of the handler.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="force">A value that indicates whether to force the mapping. If one is already exists, then it will be overwritten.</param>
-        public static void Add<TType, TPropertyHandler>(bool force = false) =>
-            Add(typeof(TType), Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), force);
+        public static void Add<TType, TPropertyHandler>(bool force = false)
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            Add(typeof(TType), new TPropertyHandler(), force);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Type Level: Adds a mapping between a .NET CLR type and a <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/> object.
@@ -167,8 +168,9 @@ public static void Remove(Type type)
         /// <typeparam name="TPropertyHandler">The type of the property handler.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="expression">The expression to be parsed.</param>
         public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> expression)
-            where TEntity : class =>
-            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(expression, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), false);
+            where TEntity : class
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            Add(expression, new TPropertyHandler(), false);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Property Level: Adds a property handler mapping into a data entity type property (via expression).
@@ -192,8 +194,9 @@ public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(Expression<Func<TEntity, objec
         /// <param name="force">A value that indicates whether to force the mapping. If one is already exists, then it will be overwritten.</param>
         public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> expression,
             bool force)
-            where TEntity : class =>
-            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(expression, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), force);
+            where TEntity : class 
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            Add(expression, new TPropertyHandler(), force);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Property Level: Adds a property handler mapping into a data entity type property (via expression).
@@ -217,8 +220,9 @@ public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(Expression<Func<TEntity, objec
         /// <typeparam name="TPropertyHandler">The type of the property handler.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="propertyName">The instance of property handler.</param>
         public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(string propertyName)
-            where TEntity : class =>
-            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(propertyName, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), false);
+            where TEntity : class 
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(propertyName, new TPropertyHandler(), false);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Property Level: Adds a property handler mapping into a data entity type property (via property name).
@@ -242,8 +246,9 @@ public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(string propertyName,
         /// <param name="force">A value that indicates whether to force the mapping. If one is already exists, then it will be overwritten.</param>
         public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(string propertyName,
             bool force)
-            where TEntity : class =>
-            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(propertyName, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), false);
+            where TEntity : class
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(propertyName, new TPropertyHandler(), false);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Property Level: Adds a property handler mapping into a data entity type property (via property name).
@@ -280,8 +285,9 @@ public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(string propertyName,
         /// <typeparam name="TPropertyHandler">The type of the property handler.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="field">The instance of <see cref="Field"/> object to be mapped.</param>
         public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(Field field)
-            where TEntity : class =>
-            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(field, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), false);
+            where TEntity : class
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(field, new TPropertyHandler(), false);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Property Level: Adds a property handler mapping into a data entity type property (via <see cref="Field"/> object).
@@ -305,8 +311,9 @@ public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(Field field,
         /// <param name="force">A value that indicates whether to force the mapping. If one is already exists, then it will be overwritten.</param>
         public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(Field field,
             bool force)
-            where TEntity : class =>
-            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(field, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), false);
+            where TEntity : class
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(field, new TPropertyHandler(), false);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Property Level: Adds a property handler mapping into a data entity type property (via <see cref="Field"/> object).
@@ -343,8 +350,9 @@ public static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(Field field,
         /// <typeparam name="TPropertyHandler">The type of the property handler.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="propertyInfo">The instance of <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> to be mapped.</param>
         internal static void Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(PropertyInfo propertyInfo)
-            where TEntity : class =>
-            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(propertyInfo, Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), false);
+            where TEntity : class
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            Add<TEntity, TPropertyHandler>(propertyInfo, new TPropertyHandler(), false);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Property Level: Adds a property handler mapping into a <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> object.

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Mappers/TypeMapFluentDefinition.cs

@@ -52,8 +52,9 @@ public TypeMapFluentDefinition<TType> DbType(DbType? dbType,
         /// </summary>
         /// <typeparam name="TPropertyHandler">The type of the handler.</typeparam>
         /// <returns>The current instance.</returns>
-        public TypeMapFluentDefinition<TType> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>() =>
-            PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), false);
+        public TypeMapFluentDefinition<TType> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>()
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            PropertyHandler(new TPropertyHandler(), false);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Defines a mapping between a .NET CLR type and a <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/> object. It uses the <see cref="Activator.CreateInstance(Type)"/> method to create the instance of target property handler.
@@ -62,8 +63,9 @@ public TypeMapFluentDefinition<TType> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>() =>
         /// <typeparam name="TPropertyHandler">The type of the handler.</typeparam>
         /// <param name="force">A value that indicates whether to force the mapping. If one is already exists, then it will be overwritten.</param>
         /// <returns>The current instance.</returns>
-        public TypeMapFluentDefinition<TType> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(bool force) =>
-            PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(Activator.CreateInstance<TPropertyHandler>(), force);
+        public TypeMapFluentDefinition<TType> PropertyHandler<TPropertyHandler>(bool force)
+            where TPropertyHandler : new() =>
+            PropertyHandler(new TPropertyHandler(), force);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Defines a mapping between a .NET CLR type and a <see cref="IPropertyHandler{TInput, TResult}"/> object.

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/Average.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region Average<TEntity, TResult>
 

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/AverageAll.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region AverageAll<TEntity>
 

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/BatchQuery.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region BatchQuery<TEntity>
 

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/Count.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region Count<TEntity>
 

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/CountAll.cs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region CountAll<TEntity>
 

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/Delete.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region Delete<TEntity>
 

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/DeleteAll.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region DeleteAll<TEntity>
 

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/Exists.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region Exists<TEntity>
 

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/Insert.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region Insert<TEntity>
 

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/InsertAll.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region InsertAll<TEntity>
 

RepoDb.Core/RepoDb/Operations/DbRepository/Max.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 namespace RepoDb
 {
     public partial class DbRepository<TDbConnection> : IDisposable
-        where TDbConnection : DbConnection
+        where TDbConnection : DbConnection, new()
     {
         #region Max<TEntity, TResult>