feat(NODE-6086): add Double.fromString() method

src/double.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { BSONValue } from './bson_value';
+import { BSONError } from './error';
 import type { EJSONOptions } from './extended_json';
 import { type InspectFn, defaultInspect } from './parser/utils';
 
@@ -32,6 +33,38 @@ export class Double extends BSONValue {
     this.value = +value;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Attempt to create an double type from string.
+   *
+   * This method will throw a BSONError on any string input that is not representable as a IEEE-754 64-bit double.
+   * Notably, this method will also throw on the following string formats:
+   * - Strings in non-decimal formats (exponent notation, binary, hex, or octal digits)
+   * - Strings with characters other than numeric, floating point, or leading sign characters (Note: 'Infinity', '-Infinity', and 'NaN' input strings are still allowed)
+   * - Strings with leading and/or trailing whitespace
+   *
+   * Strings with leading zeros, however, are also allowed
+   *
+   * @param value - the string we want to represent as an double.
+   */
+  static fromString(value: string): Double {
+    const coercedValue = Number(value);
+    const nonFiniteValidInputs = ['Infinity', '-Infinity', 'NaN'];
+
+    if (value.trim() !== value) {
+      throw new BSONError(`Input: '${value}' contains whitespace`);
+    } else if (value === '') {
+      throw new BSONError(`Input is an empty string`);
+    } else if (/[^-0-9.]/.test(value) && !nonFiniteValidInputs.includes(value)) {
+      throw new BSONError(`Input: '${value}' contains invalid characters`);
+    } else if (
+      (!Number.isFinite(coercedValue) && !nonFiniteValidInputs.includes(value)) ||
+      (Number.isNaN(coercedValue) && value !== 'NaN')
+    ) {
+      throw new BSONError(`Input: ${value} is not representable as a Double`); // generic case
+    }
+    return new Double(coercedValue);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Access the number value.
    *

test/node/double.test.ts

@@ -225,6 +225,56 @@ describe('BSON Double Precision', function () {
         });
       });
     });
+
+    describe('fromString', () => {
+      const acceptedInputs = [
+        ['zero', '0', 0],
+        ['non-leading zeros', '45000000', 45000000],
+        ['zero with leading zeros', '000000.0000', 0],
+        ['positive leading zeros', '000000867.1', 867.1],
+        ['negative leading zeros', '-00007.980', -7.98],
+        ['positive integer with decimal', '2.0', 2],
+        ['zero with decimal', '0.0', 0.0],
+        ['Infinity', 'Infinity', Infinity],
+        ['-Infinity', '-Infinity', -Infinity],
+        ['NaN', 'NaN', NaN],
+        ['basic floating point', '-4.556000', -4.556],
+        ['negative zero', '-0', -0]
+      ];
+
+      const errorInputs = [
+        ['commas', '34,450', 'contains invalid characters'],
+        ['exponentiation notation', '1.34e16', 'contains invalid characters'],
+        ['octal', '0o1', 'contains invalid characters'],
+        ['binary', '0b1', 'contains invalid characters'],
+        ['hex', '0x1', 'contains invalid characters'],
+        ['empty string', '', 'is an empty string'],
+        ['leading and trailing whitespace', '    89   ', 'contains whitespace'],
+        ['fake positive infinity', '2e308', 'contains invalid characters'],
+        ['fake negative infinity', '-2e308', 'contains invalid characters'],
+        ['fraction', '3/4', 'contains invalid characters'],
+        ['foo', 'foo', 'contains invalid characters']
+      ];
+
+      for (const [testName, value, expectedDouble] of acceptedInputs) {
+        context(`when the input is ${testName}`, () => {
+          it(`should successfully return a Double representation`, () => {
+            if (value === 'NaN') {
+              expect(isNaN(Double.fromString(value))).to.be.true;
+            } else {
+              expect(Double.fromString(value).value).to.equal(expectedDouble);
+            }
+          });
+        });
+      }
+      for (const [testName, value, expectedErrMsg] of errorInputs) {
+        context(`when the input is ${testName}`, () => {
+          it(`should throw an error containing '${expectedErrMsg}'`, () => {
+            expect(() => Double.fromString(value)).to.throw(BSON.BSONError, expectedErrMsg);
+          });
+        });
+      }
+    });
   });
 
   function serializeThenDeserialize(value) {