[receiver/prometheusreceiver] Exemplar Support (#14132)

 Add exemplar support to Prometheus Receiver

Co-authored-by: Anthony Mirabella <[email protected]>

.chloggen/append-exemplars-to-prometheus-receiver.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+change_type: enhancement
+
+component: receiver/prometheusreceiver
+
+note: Append exemplars to the metrics received by prometheus receiver
+
+issues: [8353]
+
+subtext: Acknowledge exemplars coming from prometheus receiver and append it to otel format

receiver/prometheusreceiver/README.md

@@ -94,6 +94,12 @@ receivers:
       interval: 30s
       collector_id: collector-1
 ```
+## Exemplars
+This receiver accepts exemplars coming in Prometheus format and converts it to OTLP format.
+1. Value is expected to be received in `float64` format
+2. Timestamp is expected to be received in `ms`
+3. Labels with key `span_id` in prometheus exemplars are set as OTLP `span id` and labels with key `trace_id` are set as `trace id`
+4. Rest of the labels are copied as it is to OTLP format
 
 [sc]: https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/v2.28.1/docs/configuration/configuration.md#scrape_config
 

receiver/prometheusreceiver/internal/metricfamily.go

@@ -15,10 +15,12 @@
 package internal // import "github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/receiver/prometheusreceiver/internal"
 
 import (
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/exemplar"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/labels"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/value"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/scrape"
@@ -27,6 +29,11 @@ import (
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 )
 
+const (
+	traceIDKey = "trace_id"
+	spanIDKey  = "span_id"
+)
+
 type metricFamily struct {
 	mtype pmetric.MetricType
 	// isMonotonic only applies to sums
@@ -50,6 +57,7 @@ type metricGroup struct {
 	hasSum       bool
 	value        float64
 	complexValue []*dataPoint
+	exemplars    pmetric.ExemplarSlice
 }
 
 func newMetricFamily(metricName string, mc scrape.MetricMetadataStore, logger *zap.Logger) *metricFamily {
@@ -141,6 +149,16 @@ func (mg *metricGroup) toDistributionPoint(dest pmetric.HistogramDataPointSlice)
 	point.SetStartTimestamp(tsNanos) // metrics_adjuster adjusts the startTimestamp to the initial scrape timestamp
 	point.SetTimestamp(tsNanos)
 	populateAttributes(pmetric.MetricTypeHistogram, mg.ls, point.Attributes())
+	mg.setExemplars(point.Exemplars())
+}
+
+func (mg *metricGroup) setExemplars(exemplars pmetric.ExemplarSlice) {
+	if mg == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if mg.exemplars.Len() > 0 {
+		mg.exemplars.MoveAndAppendTo(exemplars)
+	}
 }
 
 func (mg *metricGroup) toSummaryPoint(dest pmetric.SummaryDataPointSlice) {
@@ -201,6 +219,7 @@ func (mg *metricGroup) toNumberDataPoint(dest pmetric.NumberDataPointSlice) {
 		point.SetDoubleValue(mg.value)
 	}
 	populateAttributes(pmetric.MetricTypeGauge, mg.ls, point.Attributes())
+	mg.setExemplars(point.Exemplars())
 }
 
 func populateAttributes(mType pmetric.MetricType, ls labels.Labels, dest pcommon.Map) {
@@ -226,9 +245,10 @@ func (mf *metricFamily) loadMetricGroupOrCreate(groupKey uint64, ls labels.Label
 	mg, ok := mf.groups[groupKey]
 	if !ok {
 		mg = &metricGroup{
-			family: mf,
-			ts:     ts,
-			ls:     ls,
+			family:    mf,
+			ts:        ts,
+			ls:        ls,
+			exemplars: pmetric.NewExemplarSlice(),
 		}
 		mf.groups[groupKey] = mg
 		// maintaining data insertion order is helpful to generate stable/reproducible metric output
@@ -319,3 +339,59 @@ func (mf *metricFamily) appendMetric(metrics pmetric.MetricSlice) {
 
 	metric.MoveTo(metrics.AppendEmpty())
 }
+
+func (mf *metricFamily) addExemplar(l labels.Labels, e exemplar.Exemplar) {
+	gk := mf.getGroupKey(l)
+	mg := mf.groups[gk]
+	if mg == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	es := mg.exemplars
+	convertExemplar(e, es.AppendEmpty())
+}
+
+func convertExemplar(pe exemplar.Exemplar, e pmetric.Exemplar) {
+	e.SetTimestamp(timestampFromMs(pe.Ts))
+	e.SetDoubleValue(pe.Value)
+	e.FilteredAttributes().EnsureCapacity(len(pe.Labels))
+	for _, lb := range pe.Labels {
+		switch strings.ToLower(lb.Name) {
+		case traceIDKey:
+			var tid [16]byte
+			err := decodeAndCopyToLowerBytes(tid[:], []byte(lb.Value))
+			if err == nil {
+				e.SetTraceID(tid)
+			} else {
+				e.FilteredAttributes().PutString(lb.Name, lb.Value)
+			}
+		case spanIDKey:
+			var sid [8]byte
+			err := decodeAndCopyToLowerBytes(sid[:], []byte(lb.Value))
+			if err == nil {
+				e.SetSpanID(sid)
+			} else {
+				e.FilteredAttributes().PutString(lb.Name, lb.Value)
+			}
+		default:
+			e.FilteredAttributes().PutString(lb.Name, lb.Value)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+	decodeAndCopyToLowerBytes copies src to dst on lower bytes instead of higher
+
+1. If len(src) > len(dst) -> copy first len(dst) bytes as it is. Example -> src = []byte{0xab,0xcd,0xef,0xgh,0xij}, dst = [2]byte, result dst = [2]byte{0xab, 0xcd}
+2. If len(src) = len(dst) -> copy src to dst as it is
+3. If len(src) < len(dst) -> prepend required 0s and then add src to dst. Example -> src = []byte{0xab, 0xcd}, dst = [8]byte, result dst = [8]byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xab, 0xcd}
+*/
+func decodeAndCopyToLowerBytes(dst []byte, src []byte) error {
+	var err error
+	decodedLen := hex.DecodedLen(len(src))
+	if decodedLen >= len(dst) {
+		_, err = hex.Decode(dst, src[:hex.EncodedLen(len(dst))])
+	} else {
+		_, err = hex.Decode(dst[len(dst)-decodedLen:], src)
+	}
+	return err
+}

receiver/prometheusreceiver/internal/transaction.go

@@ -124,21 +124,52 @@ func (t *transaction) Append(ref storage.SeriesRef, ls labels.Labels, atMs int64
 		return 0, t.AddTargetInfo(ls)
 	}
 
-	curMF, ok := t.families[metricName]
+	curMF := t.getOrCreateMetricFamily(metricName)
+
+	return 0, curMF.Add(metricName, ls, atMs, val)
+}
+
+func (t *transaction) getOrCreateMetricFamily(mn string) *metricFamily {
+	curMf, ok := t.families[mn]
 	if !ok {
-		familyName := normalizeMetricName(metricName)
-		if mf, ok := t.families[familyName]; ok && mf.includesMetric(metricName) {
-			curMF = mf
+		fn := normalizeMetricName(mn)
+		if mf, ok := t.families[fn]; ok && mf.includesMetric(mn) {
+			curMf = mf
 		} else {
-			curMF = newMetricFamily(metricName, t.mc, t.logger)
-			t.families[curMF.name] = curMF
+			curMf = newMetricFamily(mn, t.mc, t.logger)
+			t.families[curMf.name] = curMf
 		}
 	}
-
-	return 0, curMF.Add(metricName, ls, atMs, val)
+	return curMf
 }
 
 func (t *transaction) AppendExemplar(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, e exemplar.Exemplar) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
+	select {
+	case <-t.ctx.Done():
+		return 0, errTransactionAborted
+	default:
+	}
+
+	if t.isNew {
+		if err := t.initTransaction(l); err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	l = l.WithoutEmpty()
+
+	if dupLabel, hasDup := l.HasDuplicateLabelNames(); hasDup {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid sample: non-unique label names: %q", dupLabel)
+	}
+
+	mn := l.Get(model.MetricNameLabel)
+	if mn == "" {
+		return 0, errMetricNameNotFound
+	}
+
+	mf := t.getOrCreateMetricFamily(mn)
+	mf.addExemplar(l, e)
+
 	return 0, nil
 }