static-expiry provides two things:
-
A helper method
furlto generate fingerprinted URLs for your static assets. This can be used in your templates. -
Middleware to handle incoming requests for the fingerprinted URLs. It handles them by rewriting the url to it's original value and setting appropriate conditional/unconditional cache headers according to your configuration.
static-expiry does not serve static assets. It is invoked by calling it's function that returns the middleware. It should be placed just before the middleware you use for serving static assets.
static-expiry is meant to be everything you need to set up your app servers as origin servers to your CDN. The two things it provides are key to this: versioned urls and handling the versioned urls. Of course, you don't have to use a CDN and with static-expiry you are still serving static assets using best practices for caching.
static-expiry uses two lookup cache objects. One that maps asset urls to the fingerprinted version, so that the function that generates fingerprinted urls only calculates once per asset. And another that maps the incoming fingerprinted URL to an object that contains the unfingerprinted asset URL, the fingerprint (used for the etag header) and the file stat mtime (used for the last-modified header). The latter is used by the middleware to rewrite the URL in the req object and set the appropriate cache headers.
$ npm install static-expiry
var express = require('express');
var app = express() // or just plain connect, there are no dependencies on express
, expiry = require('static-expiry');
// ...
app.use(expiry(app, { dir: path.join(__dirname, 'public') }));
app.use(express.static(staticDir));
// ...
app.listen(3000);The function returned from the require statement takes two arguments. The first can either be null or undefined, or your connect/express app. If you provide an app as the first argument, expiry sets app.locals.furl to the furl helper for use in your templates. The second is an object of options.
Use the furl app local in your templates in order to generate the fingerprinted URL.
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ furl('/css/style.css') }}" />
<!-- <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/a6edcf683bc4df33bb82ae1cca3cf21a-style.css" /> -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ furl('/css/style.css', '/css/style.min.css') }}" />
<!-- <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/a6edcf683bc4df33bb82ae1cca3cf21a-style.min.css" /> -->The second argument will be used when the NODE_ENV is not development.
There are a number of options to control the fingerprinting and middleware.
app.use(expiry(appOrNull, {options are passed in as the second argument
the duration in seconds for the Cache-Control header, max-age value and the Expires header
duration: 31556900, // defaults to 1 yearwhat unconditional cache headers to set
unconditional: 'both' // default when process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'development'
/*
unconditional: 'max-age' // just set the Cache-Control header, max-age value
unconditional: 'expires' // just set Expires header
unconditional: 'none' // do not set either unconditional headers, default when in dev mode */what conditional cache headers to set
conditional: 'both', // default when process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'development'
/*
conditional: 'last-modified' // only the Last-Modified header
conditional: 'etag' // only the ETag header
conditional: 'none' // neither the Last-Modfied or the ETag headers, default when in dev mode */the value of the Cache-Control header preceding the max-age value
cacheControl: 'cookieless',
// set to 'public' when there is no cookie present, 'private' if there isany other string value is what will be used always, typically 'public' or 'private'. use zero length, false, or null to not have a value. the conditional option may still mean the Cache-Control header will be present however, e.g. Cache-Control: max-age=31556900
the directory of the static assets
dir: path.join(process.env.PWD, 'public'),I have no idea how reliable the presence of the PWD environment variable is, so it's probably best to set this
a function to use to generate the fingerprint
fingerprint: md5, // the default creates an md5 hash of the file contentsthe function takes the file path as it's only argument and should return the fingerprint value only (not the fingerprinted url)
the location of the fingerprint in the URL the furl function generates
location: 'prefile', // prefixes the filename of the asset with the fingerprint
/*
location: 'postfile' // postfixes the filename
location: 'query' // puts the fingerprint in a query string value with the name of 'v'
location: 'path' // prefixes the url with a directory with the name of the fingerprint value */the 'path' option could be problematic if you are using relative url references in your css/js files but could work if you supply your own function for generating the fingerprint value and make it static across all assets
a domain host value to be used for the fingerprinted URLs.
host: null,
/*
host: 'cdn.acme.com'
// if you don't use a scheme a proto relative scheme will be used e.g. `"//cdn2.acme.com/css/main.css"`.
host: ['cd1.acme.com', 'https://cdn2.acme.com']
*/If you use multiple hosts, the one selected is based upon a modulus of the sum of the character codes in the asset URL so that the same host is generated consistently across app servers.
This option is what you will use if setting up your app servers as origin servers to your CDN. The fingerprinted URLs will then properly point to the CDN host(s) but your app servers can still serve the files with the caching strategy you have configured or defaulting to.
when to load the urlCache and assetCache
loadCache: 'startup' // loads the cache upon startup, the default in prod mode
// loadCache: 'furl' // loads the cache on an asset by asset basis when furl is invoked
// the default when not in prod mode
/*
loadCache: { at: 'startup', callback: function(file, stat) { /foo/.test(file); } }
you can pass an object in with a callback function in order to filter files
by name (file) or fs.Stats (stat). this only works with the 'startup' mode.
*/the 'startup' value is necessary in a multiple server environment as it is possible for a fingerprinted request to come into a particular server before it has generated a fingerprinted URL for that asset itself. (i may work a way around this in the future, not too hard to reverse engineer the asset from the fingerprinted url)
If both conditional and unconditional have a value of none (the default in development), static-expiry is disabled and the furl function will not fingerprint the url.
- Handle file changes in a production mode either with a file watcher or dynamically looking at the file stats on every request.
The inspiration for this project goes to bminer for https://github.com/bminer/node-static-asset
(The MIT License)
Copyright (c) 2013 Paul Walker <[email protected]>
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