backup: advacned prepare implementation (#48439)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #48439

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #50359

Problem Summary:
This PR implemented the client side of the enhanced prepare stage of snapshot backup.

What is changed and how it works?

Generally this is a state machine that tries to collect the whole range. If a region has applied to the last index, the region's range will be collected. When the whole key space has been collected, we are done.

Check List

Tests

• Unit test (TBD)
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No need to test

  • I checked and no code files have been changed.

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

None

[ti-chi-bot]

This cherry pick PR is for a release branch and has not yet been approved by triage owners.
Adding the do-not-merge/cherry-pick-not-approved label.

To merge this cherry pick:

1. It must be approved by the approvers firstly.
2. AFTER it has been approved by approvers, please wait for the cherry-pick merging approval from triage owners.

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[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is NOT APPROVED

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[ti-chi-bot]

@ti-chi-bot: The following tests failed, say /retest to rerun all failed tests or /retest-required to rerun all mandatory failed tests:

Test name	Commit	Details	Required	Rerun command
idc-jenkins-ci-tidb/check_dev_2	d71c63d	link	true	/test check-dev2
idc-jenkins-ci-tidb/unit-test	d71c63d	link	true	/test unit-test
idc-jenkins-ci-tidb/build	d71c63d	link	true	/test build
idc-jenkins-ci-tidb/check_dev	d71c63d	link	true	/test check-dev
idc-jenkins-ci-tidb/mysql-test	d71c63d	link	true	/test mysql-test

Full PR test history. Your PR dashboard.

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[ti-chi-bot]

PR needs rebase.

Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available here. If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the kubernetes/test-infra repository.

[ti-chi-bot]

This cherry pick PR is for a release branch and has not yet been approved by triage owners.
Adding the do-not-merge/cherry-pick-not-approved label.

To merge this cherry pick:

1. It must be approved by the approvers firstly.
2. AFTER it has been approved by approvers, please wait for the cherry-pick merging approval from triage owners.

Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available here. If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the kubernetes/test-infra repository.