storage: support the HTTP API of sync table schema

[Lloyd-Pottiger]

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: ref #9032

Problem Summary:

What is changed and how it works?

Pick https://github.com/tidbcloud/tiflash-cse/pull/281

storage: support the HTTP API of sync table schema

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No code

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

None

[sre-bot]

Thank you for your submission! We really appreciate it. Like many open source projects, we ask that you all sign our Contributor License Agreement before we can accept your contribution.
1 out of 2 committers have signed the CLA.

✅ Lloyd-Pottiger
❌ zimulala
_{You have signed the CLA already but the status is still pending? Let us recheck it.}

[Lloyd-Pottiger]

/cc @zimulala @JaySon-Huang

[zimulala]

LGTM

[ti-chi-bot]

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LGTM

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[JaySon-Huang]

LGTM

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: JaySon-Huang, zanmato1984, zimulala

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• OWNERS [JaySon-Huang,zanmato1984]

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-09-20 09:37:48.34769181 +0000 UTC m=+1213138.088115745: ☑️ agreed by JaySon-Huang.
• 2024-09-20 09:52:35.371695448 +0000 UTC m=+1214025.112119387: ☑️ agreed by zanmato1984.

[Lloyd-Pottiger]

/retest