workerpool: limit the rate to output deadlock warning (#3775)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #3775

What problem does this PR solve?

Close https://github.com/pingcap/ticdc/issues/2706

What is changed and how it works?

Ratelimit deadlock log.

Check List

Tests

• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)

Related changes

• Need to cherry-pick to the release branch

Release note

Reduce log "synchronize is taking too long, report a bug" in some cases.

[ti-chi-bot]

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[overvenus]

/merge

[ti-chi-bot]

This pull request has been accepted and is ready to merge.

Commit hash: 0116a69