chore: more error reporting in self-update #1639

Job	Run time
Check intra-doc links	20s
Extract crate metadata	12s
Format and Lint	31s
Linux-x86_64	14m 17s
Linux-aarch64	5m 18s
macOS-x86_64	39m 51s
macOS-aarch64	13m 1s
Windows-x86_64	28m 31s
Integration test Linux-x86_64	45s
Integration test macOS-x86_64	1m 58s
Integration test macOS-aarch64	1m 17s
Integration test Windows-x86_64	5m 16s
	1h 51m 17s

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