[nrfconnect] Adapt Pigweed Logger to newer Zephyr versions

[Damian-Nordic]

Problem

nRF Connect lighting-app built with RPC crashes after bumping to the recent NCS version.

Change overview

Initialization of the Pigwed HDLC-based Zephyr logging backend would fail due to usage of deprecated backend API.
Switch to the new API.
Fixes #19679

Testing

Tested that the example boots correctly and prints logs to the console.

[github-actions]

PR #19713: Size comparison from 26d6c54 to 4cd9c45

Increases (2 builds for esp32, nrfconnect)

platform	target	config	section	26d6c54	4cd9c45	change	% change
esp32	all-clusters-app	c3devkit	(read only)	1012632	1012636	4	0.0
			.flash.text	1012632	1012636	4	0.0
nrfconnect	lighting-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840+rpc	text	790300	790332	32	0.0

Decreases (5 builds for k32w, nrfconnect, telink)

platform	target	config	section	26d6c54	4cd9c45	change	% change
k32w	lock	k32w061+release	(read/write)	720848	720832	-16	-0.0
			.text	643852	643836	-16	-0.0
nrfconnect	lighting-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840+rpc	(read/write)	1127647	1127535	-112	-0.0
			rodata	114376	114232	-144	-0.1
	pump-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	1071191	1071175	-16	-0.0
			text	743280	743276	-4	-0.0
telink	light-switch-app	tlsr9518adk80d	(read/write)	789016	789008	-8	-0.0
			text	559602	559600	-2	-0.0
	lighting-app	tlsr9518adk80d	(read/write)	808728	808720	-8	-0.0
			text	576066	576064	-2	-0.0

Full report (38 builds for cc13x2_26x2, cyw30739, efr32, esp32, k32w, linux, mbed, nrfconnect, p6, telink)

platform	target	config	section	26d6c54	4cd9c45	change	% change
cc13x2_26x2	all-clusters-app	LP_CC2652R7	(read only)	659531	659531	0	0.0
			(read/write)	191332	191332	0	0.0
			.bss	73756	73756	0	0.0
			.data	3356	3356	0	0.0
			.rodata	87083	87083	0	0.0
			.text	572136	572136	0	0.0
	all-clusters-minimal-app	LP_CC2652R7	(read only)	647999	647999	0	0.0
			(read/write)	157316	157316	0	0.0
			.bss	73044	73044	0	0.0
			.data	3356	3356	0	0.0
			.rodata	90407	90407	0	0.0
			.text	557272	557272	0	0.0
	lock-ftd	LP_CC2652R7	(read only)	690451	690451	0	0.0
			(read/write)	150524	150524	0	0.0
			.bss	70756	70756	0	0.0
			.data	3280	3280	0	0.0
			.rodata	99163	99163	0	0.0
			.text	590804	590804	0	0.0
	lock-mtd	LP_CC2652R7	(read only)	639859	639859	0	0.0
			(read/write)	143888	143888	0	0.0
			.bss	66492	66492	0	0.0
			.data	3280	3280	0	0.0
			.rodata	99043	99043	0	0.0
			.text	540324	540324	0	0.0
	pump-app	LP_CC2652R7	(read only)	671403	671403	0	0.0
			(read/write)	170460	170460	0	0.0
			.bss	70876	70876	0	0.0
			.data	3280	3280	0	0.0
			.rodata	87259	87259	0	0.0
			.text	583660	583660	0	0.0
	pump-controller-app	LP_CC2652R7	(read only)	662399	662399	0	0.0
			(read/write)	179592	179592	0	0.0
			.bss	71004	71004	0	0.0
			.data	3276	3276	0	0.0
			.rodata	85183	85183	0	0.0
			.text	576732	576732	0	0.0
	shell	LP_CC2652R7	(read only)	688946	688946	0	0.0
			(read/write)	157412	157412	0	0.0
			.bss	76052	76052	0	0.0
			.data	3360	3360	0	0.0
			.rodata	109658	109658	0	0.0
			.text	578976	578976	0	0.0
cyw30739	light	cyw930739m2evb_01	(read/write)	612738	612738	0	0.0
			.app_xip_area	469404	469404	0	0.0
			.bss	86288	86288	0	0.0
			.data	728	728	0	0.0
			.rodata	0	0	0	0.0
			.text	112	112	0	0.0
	lock	cyw930739m2evb_01	(read/write)	610046	610046	0	0.0
			.app_xip_area	466536	466536	0	0.0
			.bss	86464	86464	0	0.0
			.data	732	732	0	0.0
			.rodata	0	0	0	0.0
			.text	112	112	0	0.0
	ota-requestor-no-progress-logging	cyw930739m2evb_01	(read/write)	616054	616054	0	0.0
			.app_xip_area	473608	473608	0	0.0
			.bss	85456	85456	0	0.0
			.data	672	672	0	0.0
			.rodata	0	0	0	0.0
			.text	112	112	0	0.0
efr32	lighting-app	BRD4161A	(read only)	924008	924008	0	0.0
			(read/write)	132416	132416	0	0.0
			.bss	130336	130336	0	0.0
			.data	2080	2080	0	0.0
			.text	924000	924000	0	0.0
		BRD4161A+rpc	(read only)	959712	959712	0	0.0
			(read/write)	149296	149296	0	0.0
			.bss	147008	147008	0	0.0
			.data	2284	2284	0	0.0
			.text	959704	959704	0	0.0
		BRD4161A+rs911x	(read only)	799092	799092	0	0.0
			(read/write)	128692	128692	0	0.0
			.bss	126604	126604	0	0.0
			.data	2088	2088	0	0.0
			.text	799084	799084	0	0.0
	lock-app	BRD4161A+wf200	(read only)	965524	965524	0	0.0
			(read/write)	129068	129068	0	0.0
			.bss	126980	126980	0	0.0
			.data	2088	2088	0	0.0
			.text	965516	965516	0	0.0
	window-app	BRD4161A	(read only)	909104	909104	0	0.0
			(read/write)	132520	132520	0	0.0
			.bss	130408	130408	0	0.0
			.data	2108	2108	0	0.0
			.text	909096	909096	0	0.0
esp32	all-clusters-app	c3devkit	(read only)	1012632	1012636	4	0.0
			(read/write)	1482898	1482898	0	0.0
			.dram0.bss	69392	69392	0	0.0
			.dram0.data	14632	14632	0	0.0
			.flash.rodata	213440	213440	0	0.0
			.flash.text	1012632	1012636	4	0.0
			.iram0.text	62902	62902	0	0.0
		m5stack	(read only)	1067171	1067171	0	0.0
			(read/write)	485016	485016	0	0.0
			.dram0.bss	74912	74912	0	0.0
			.dram0.data	34144	34144	0	0.0
			.flash.rodata	243964	243964	0	0.0
			.flash.text	1061787	1061787	0	0.0
			.iram0.text	123267	123267	0	0.0
k32w	light	k32w061+release	(read/write)	658876	658876	0	0.0
			.bss	68756	68756	0	0.0
			.data	1992	1992	0	0.0
			.text	582328	582328	0	0.0
	lock	k32w061+release	(read/write)	720848	720832	-16	-0.0
			.bss	69196	69196	0	0.0
			.data	2000	2000	0	0.0
			.text	643852	643836	-16	-0.0
linux	chip-tool-no-interactive-ipv6only	arm64	(read only)	9881788	9881788	0	0.0
			(read/write)	674225	674225	0	0.0
			.bss	42641	42641	0	0.0
			.data	1152	1152	0	0.0
			.data.rel.ro	613208	613208	0	0.0
			.dynamic	528	528	0	0.0
			.got	13416	13416	0	0.0
			.init	24	24	0	0.0
			.init_array	192	192	0	0.0
			.rodata	472300	472300	0	0.0
			.text	7873060	7873060	0	0.0
	thermostat-no-ble	arm64	(read only)	2570668	2570668	0	0.0
			(read/write)	192193	192193	0	0.0
			.bss	99489	99489	0	0.0
			.data	1688	1688	0	0.0
			.data.rel.ro	82928	82928	0	0.0
			.dynamic	528	528	0	0.0
			.got	5072	5072	0	0.0
			.init	24	24	0	0.0
			.init_array	400	400	0	0.0
			.rodata	163324	163324	0	0.0
			.text	2168224	2168224	0	0.0
mbed	lock-app	CY8CPROTO_062_4343W+release	(read only)	6224	6224	0	0.0
			(read/write)	2437720	2437720	0	0.0
			.bss	208204	208204	0	0.0
			.data	5864	5864	0	0.0
			.text	1400364	1400364	0	0.0
nrfconnect	all-clusters-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	1198699	1198699	0	0.0
			bss	141598	141598	0	0.0
			rodata	155676	155676	0	0.0
			text	822504	822504	0	0.0
	all-clusters-minimal-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	1146655	1146655	0	0.0
			bss	140850	140850	0	0.0
			rodata	132200	132200	0	0.0
			text	794724	794724	0	0.0
	lighting-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	1158239	1158239	0	0.0
			bss	143177	143177	0	0.0
			rodata	122616	122616	0	0.0
			text	813588	813588	0	0.0
		nrf52840dk_nrf52840+rpc	(read/write)	1127647	1127535	-112	-0.0
			bss	143622	143622	0	0.0
			rodata	114376	114232	-144	-0.1
			text	790300	790332	32	0.0
		nrf52840dongle_nrf52840	(read/write)	1065383	1065383	0	0.0
			bss	150408	150408	0	0.0
			rodata	91760	91760	0	0.0
			text	742092	742092	0	0.0
		nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp	(read/write)	1061930	1061930	0	0.0
			bss	139548	139548	0	0.0
			rodata	115024	115024	0	0.0
			text	726320	726320	0	0.0
	lock-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	1111295	1111295	0	0.0
			bss	133125	133125	0	0.0
			rodata	139344	139344	0	0.0
			text	759948	759948	0	0.0
		nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp	(read/write)	1015158	1015158	0	0.0
			bss	129528	129528	0	0.0
			rodata	131812	131812	0	0.0
			text	672736	672736	0	0.0
	pump-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	1071191	1071175	-16	-0.0
			bss	133072	133072	0	0.0
			rodata	116000	116000	0	0.0
			text	743280	743276	-4	-0.0
	pump-controller-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	1064343	1064343	0	0.0
			bss	132869	132869	0	0.0
			rodata	114896	114896	0	0.0
			text	737656	737656	0	0.0
p6	all-clusters-app	default	(read/write)	2553568	2553568	0	0.0
			.bss	143384	143384	0	0.0
			.data	2776	2776	0	0.0
			.text	1511832	1511832	0	0.0
	all-clusters-minimal-app	default	(read/write)	2499416	2499416	0	0.0
			.bss	142664	142664	0	0.0
			.data	2776	2776	0	0.0
			.text	1457680	1457680	0	0.0
	light-app	default	(read/write)	2430160	2430160	0	0.0
			.bss	134744	134744	0	0.0
			.data	2592	2592	0	0.0
			.text	1388424	1388424	0	0.0
	lock-app	default	(read/write)	2450784	2450784	0	0.0
			.bss	134568	134568	0	0.0
			.data	2600	2600	0	0.0
			.text	1409048	1409048	0	0.0
telink	light-switch-app	tlsr9518adk80d	(read/write)	789016	789008	-8	-0.0
			bss	69892	69892	0	0.0
			noinit	40416	40416	0	0.0
			text	559602	559600	-2	-0.0
	lighting-app	tlsr9518adk80d	(read/write)	808728	808720	-8	-0.0
			bss	70140	70140	0	0.0
			noinit	40416	40416	0	0.0
			text	576066	576064	-2	-0.0