Support serialization mode specification from model config and SerializationConfig

[sydney-runkle]

Change Summary

• Standardize shared code across various serialization mode enums
• Ensure serialization config settings are respected when specified on a model, but not when creating SchemaSerializer
• Support inf_nan_mode in the to_json and to_jsonable_python calls

Related issue number

Fix pydantic/pydantic#8214

Checklist

• Unit tests for the changes exist
• Documentation reflects the changes where applicable
• Pydantic tests pass with this pydantic-core (except for expected changes)
• My PR is ready to review, please add a comment including the phrase "please review" to assign reviewers

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #1122 (5d607c4) into main (bec63db) will increase coverage by 0.14%.
Report is 17 commits behind head on main.
The diff coverage is 92.53%.

❗ Current head 5d607c4 differs from pull request most recent head 4317f2e. Consider uploading reports for the commit 4317f2e to get more accurate results

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1122      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   89.73%   89.88%   +0.14%     
==========================================
  Files         106      106              
  Lines       16380    16436      +56     
  Branches       35       35              
==========================================
+ Hits        14699    14773      +74     
+ Misses       1674     1656      -18     
  Partials        7        7              

Files	Coverage Δ
src/errors/validation_exception.rs	92.95% <100.00%> (+1.17%)	⬆️
src/serializers/extra.rs	99.08% <100.00%> (ø)
src/serializers/mod.rs	99.53% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
src/serializers/type_serializers/bytes.rs	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
src/serializers/type_serializers/timedelta.rs	97.87% <100.00%> (-0.17%)	⬇️
src/serializers/infer.rs	94.80% <83.33%> (-0.21%)	⬇️
src/serializers/config.rs	95.49% <89.47%> (+6.60%)	⬆️

... and 9 files with indirect coverage changes

---

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[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #1122 will degrade performances by 14.58%

_{Comparing fix-ser-json-bytes (4317f2e) with main (bec63db)}

Summary

⚡ 4 improvements
❌ 1 regressions
✅ 135 untouched benchmarks

⚠️ Please fix the performance issues or acknowledge them on CodSpeed.

Benchmarks breakdown

	Benchmark	main	fix-ser-json-bytes	Change
⚡	test_small_class_core_model	58 µs	50.2 µs	+15.5%
⚡	test_core_future_str	39.3 µs	31 µs	+26.65%
❌	test_core_future	46.7 µs	54.7 µs	-14.58%
⚡	test_core_str	39 µs	30.6 µs	+27.4%
⚡	test_core_future	37.6 µs	29 µs	+29.71%

[davidhewitt]

LGTM, just one final nit!