gh-107954: Refactor initconfig.c: add CONFIG_SPEC

[vstinner]

Add a specification of the PyConfig structure to factorize the code.

• Issue: [C API] PEP 741: Add PyInitConfig C API to customize the Python initialization #107954

[bedevere-bot]

⚠️⚠️⚠️ Buildbot failure ⚠️⚠️⚠️

Hi! The buildbot ARM64 macOS 3.x has failed when building commit f3bb00e.

What do you need to do:

1. Don't panic.
2. Check the buildbot page in the devguide if you don't know what the buildbots are or how they work.
3. Go to the page of the buildbot that failed (https://buildbot.python.org/all/#builders/725/builds/5802) and take a look at the build logs.
4. Check if the failure is related to this commit (f3bb00e) or if it is a false positive.
5. If the failure is related to this commit, please, reflect that on the issue and make a new Pull Request with a fix.

You can take a look at the buildbot page here:

https://buildbot.python.org/all/#builders/725/builds/5802

Failed tests:

• test.test_concurrent_futures.test_deadlock

Summary of the results of the build (if available):

==

Click to see traceback logs

remote: Enumerating objects: 38, done.        
remote: Counting objects:   2% (1/38)        
remote: Counting objects:   5% (2/38)        
remote: Counting objects:   7% (3/38)        
remote: Counting objects:  10% (4/38)        
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remote: Counting objects:  15% (6/38)        
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remote: Counting objects:  21% (8/38)        
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remote: Counting objects:  28% (11/38)        
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remote: Counting objects:  36% (14/38)        
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remote: Counting objects:  63% (24/38)        
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remote: Counting objects:  68% (26/38)        
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remote: Counting objects:  94% (36/38)        
remote: Counting objects:  97% (37/38)        
remote: Counting objects: 100% (38/38)        
remote: Counting objects: 100% (38/38), done.        
remote: Compressing objects:   4% (1/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:   9% (2/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  13% (3/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  18% (4/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  22% (5/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  27% (6/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  31% (7/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  36% (8/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  40% (9/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  45% (10/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  50% (11/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  54% (12/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  59% (13/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  63% (14/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  68% (15/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  72% (16/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  77% (17/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  81% (18/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  86% (19/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  90% (20/22)        
remote: Compressing objects:  95% (21/22)        
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (22/22)        
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (22/22), done.        
remote: Total 38 (delta 16), reused 25 (delta 16), pack-reused 0        
From https://github.com/python/cpython
 * branch                  main       -> FETCH_HEAD
Note: switching to 'f3bb00ea12db6525f07d62368a65efec47d192b9'.

You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental
changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this
state without impacting any branches by switching back to a branch.

If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may
do so (now or later) by using -c with the switch command. Example:

  git switch -c <new-branch-name>

Or undo this operation with:

  git switch -

Turn off this advice by setting config variable advice.detachedHead to false

HEAD is now at f3bb00ea12 gh-107954: Refactor initconfig.c: add CONFIG_SPEC (#110146)
Switched to and reset branch 'main'

In file included from ./Modules/_tkinter.c:52:
In file included from /opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/tk.h:99:
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:131:21: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        int (*free_private)();  /* called to free private storage */
                           ^
                            void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:334:33: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        struct _XImage *(*create_image)();
                                       ^
                                        void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:453:23: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        XID (*resource_alloc)(); /* allocator function */
                             ^
                              void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:471:20: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        int (*synchandler)();   /* Synchronization handler */
                          ^
                           void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:496:24: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        Bool (*event_vec[128])();  /* vector for wire to event */
                              ^
                               void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:497:25: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        Status (*wire_vec[128])(); /* vector for event to wire */
                               ^
                                void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:509:20: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        Bool (**error_vec)();      /* vector for wire to error */
                          ^
                           void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:522:25: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        int (*savedsynchandler)(); /* user synchandler when Xlib usurps */
                               ^
                                void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:1053:24: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
typedef void (*XIMProc)();
                       ^
                        void
In file included from ./Modules/tkappinit.c:17:
In file included from /opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/tk.h:99:
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:131:21: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        int (*free_private)();  /* called to free private storage */
                           ^
                            void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:334:33: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        struct _XImage *(*create_image)();
                                       ^
                                        void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:453:23: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        XID (*resource_alloc)(); /* allocator function */
                             ^
                              void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:471:20: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        int (*synchandler)();   /* Synchronization handler */
                          ^
                           void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:496:24: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        Bool (*event_vec[128])();  /* vector for wire to event */
                              ^
                               void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:497:25: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        Status (*wire_vec[128])(); /* vector for event to wire */
                               ^
                                void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:509:20: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        Bool (**error_vec)();      /* vector for wire to error */
                          ^
                           void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:522:25: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
        int (*savedsynchandler)(); /* user synchandler when Xlib usurps */
                               ^
                                void
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/tcl-tk/8.6.13_5/include/tcl-tk/X11/Xlib.h:1053:24: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C [-Wstrict-prototypes]
typedef void (*XIMProc)();
                       ^
                        void
9 warnings generated.
9 warnings generated.

make: *** [buildbottest] Error 5