Fails to build with Shapely 2.0

[sebastic]

The build fails due to test failures:

=================================== FAILURES ===================================
___________________ Test.test_area_def_geocentric_resolution ___________________

self = <pyresample.test.test_geometry.Test testMethod=test_area_def_geocentric_resolution>

    def test_area_def_geocentric_resolution(self):
        """Test the AreaDefinition.geocentric_resolution method."""
        from pyresample import get_area_def
        area_extent = (-5570248.477339745, -5561247.267842293, 5567248.074173927, 5570248.477339745)
        proj_dict = {'a': 6378169.0, 'b': 6356583.8, 'h': 35785831.0,
                     'lon_0': 0.0, 'proj': 'geos', 'units': 'm'}
        # metered projection
        area_def = get_area_def('orig', 'Test area', 'test',
                                proj_dict,
                                3712, 3712,
                                area_extent)
        geo_res = area_def.geocentric_resolution()
>       np.testing.assert_allclose(10646.562531, geo_res)
E       AssertionError: 
E       Not equal to tolerance rtol=1e-07, atol=0
E       
E       Mismatched elements: 1 / 1 (100%)
E       Max absolute difference: 0.09742581
E       Max relative difference: 9.15100108e-06
E        x: array(10646.562531)
E        y: array(10646.465105)

pyresample/test/test_geometry.py:1432: AssertionError

self = <pyresample.test.test_geometry.Test testMethod=test_cartopy_crs>

    def test_cartopy_crs(self):
        """Test conversion from area definition to cartopy crs."""
        europe = geometry.AreaDefinition(area_id='areaD',
                                         description='Europe (3km, HRV, VTC)',
                                         proj_id='areaD',
                                         projection={'a': '6378144.0',
                                                     'b': '6356759.0',
                                                     'lat_0': '50.00',
                                                     'lat_ts': '50.00',
                                                     'lon_0': '8.00',
                                                     'proj': 'stere'},
                                         width=800, height=800,
                                         area_extent=[-1370912.72,
                                                      -909968.64000000001,
                                                      1029087.28,
                                                      1490031.3600000001])
        seviri = geometry.AreaDefinition(area_id='seviri',
                                         description='SEVIRI HRIT like (flipped, south up)',
                                         proj_id='seviri',
                                         projection={'proj': 'geos',
                                                     'lon_0': 0.0,
                                                     'a': 6378169.00,
                                                     'b': 6356583.80,
                                                     'h': 35785831.00,
                                                     'units': 'm'},
                                         width=123, height=123,
                                         area_extent=[5500000, 5500000, -5500000, -5500000])
    
        for area_def in [europe, seviri]:
>           crs = area_def.to_cartopy_crs()

pyresample/test/test_geometry.py:120: 
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
pyresample/geometry.py:1929: in to_cartopy_crs
    import cartopy.crs as ccrs
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/cartopy/__init__.py:107: in <module>
    import cartopy.crs  # noqa: E402  module-level imports
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/cartopy/crs.py:27: in <module>
    import cartopy.trace
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 

>   ???
E   ImportError: cannot import name lgeos

lib/cartopy/trace.pyx:56: ImportError

The latter is caused by Cartopy, see: SciTools/cartopy#2076

[djhoese]

Could you provide more information about your environment? I have not tested against shapely 2.0, but the geocentric resolution test that is failing shouldn't be depending on shapely at all so I'm not sure why that test would have changed.

[sebastic]

Environment: Debian packages from unstable with python3-shapely (2.0~rc2-1~exp2) from experimental.

The test succeeds with python3-shapely (1.8.5-2) from Debian unstable.

[sebastic]

The build with shapely 1.8.5 was misleading, it used some older dependencies.

Changes between the last successful build and the failing one (both with Shapely 1.8.5):

Package	Success	Failure
glib2.0	2.74.1	2.74.2
proj	9.1.0	9.1.1
certifi	2022.6.15	2022.9.24
charset-normalizer	2.0.6	3.0.1
click	8.0.3	8.1.3
colorama	0.4.5	0.4.6
sphinx	4.5.0	5.3.0
xarray	2022.11.0	2022.12.0

test_area_def_geocentric_resolution also fails in a bookworm environment, which suggest that the recent update of proj to 9.1.1 caused the issue. Increasing the tolerance may suffice to resolve the issue.