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Amazon Web Services

EBS, EFS, S3FS

Elastic Block Storage

The AWS EBS driver registers a storage driver named ebs with the libStorage service registry and is used to connect and manage AWS Elastic Block Storage volumes for EC2 instances.

!!! note For backwards compatibility, the driver also registers a storage driver named ec2. The use of ec2 in config files is deprecated but functional. The ec2 driver will be removed in 0.7.0, at which point all instances of ec2 in config files must use ebs instead.

!!! note The EBS driver does not yet support snapshots or tags, as previously supported in Rex-Ray v0.3.3.

!!! note Due to issues with device naming, it is currently not possible to run the rexray/ebs plugin on 5th generation (C5 and M5) instances in AWS. See here for more information.

The EBS driver is made possible by the official Amazon Go AWS SDK.

Requirements

  • AWS account
  • VPC - EBS can be accessed within VPC
  • AWS Credentials

Configuration

The following is an example with all possible fields configured. For a running example see the Examples section.

ebs:
  accessKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
  secretKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
  region:         us-east-1
  maxRetries:     10
  kmsKeyID:       arn:aws:kms:us-east-1:012345678910:key/abcd1234-a123-456a-a12b-a123b4cd56ef
  statusMaxAttempts:  10
  statusInitialDelay: 100ms
  statusTimeout:      2m

Configuration Notes

  • The accessKey and secretKey configuration parameters are optional and should be used when explicit AWS credentials configuration needs to be provided. EBS driver uses official golang AWS SDK library and supports all other ways of providing access credentials, like environment variables or instance profile IAM permissions.
  • region represents AWS region where EBS volumes should be provisioned. See official AWS documentation for list of supported regions.
  • maxRetries is the number of retries that will be made for failed operations by the AWS SDK.
  • If the kmsKeyID field is specified it will be used as the encryption key for all volumes that are created with a truthy encryption request field.
  • statusMaxAttempts is the number of times the status of a volume will be queried before giving up when waiting on a status change
  • statusInitialDelay specifies a time duration used to wait when polling volume status. This duration is used in exponential backoff, such that the first wait will be for this duration, the second for 2x, the third for 4x, etc. The units of the duration must be given (e.g. "100ms" or "1s").
  • statusTimeout is a maximum length of time that polling for volume status can occur. This serves as a backstop against a stuck request of malfunctioning API that never returns.
  • useLargeDeviceRange specifies if REX-Ray should use largest available device range /dev/xvd[b-c][a-z] for EBS volumes. By default this parameter is false, so AWS recommended device range /dev/xvd[f-p] is used. If this parameter is defined it must be defined both server and client-side. See AWS documentation on device naming for more information.
  • nvmeBinPath specifies the path to the nvme tool that's used with instances with nvme storage.

For information on the equivalent environment variable and CLI flag names please see the section on how non top-level configuration properties are transformed.

Activating the Driver

To activate the AWS EBS driver please follow the instructions for activating storage drivers, using ebs as the driver name.

Troubleshooting

  • Make sure that AWS credentials (user or role) has following AWS permissions on libStorage server instance that will be making calls to AWS API:
    • ec2:AttachVolume,
    • ec2:CreateVolume,
    • ec2:CreateSnapshot,
    • ec2:CreateTags,
    • ec2:DeleteVolume,
    • ec2:DeleteSnapshot,
    • ec2:DescribeAvailabilityZones,
    • ec2:DescribeInstances,
    • ec2:DescribeVolumes,
    • ec2:DescribeVolumeAttribute,
    • ec2:DescribeVolumeStatus,
    • ec2:DescribeSnapshots,
    • ec2:CopySnapshot,
    • ec2:DescribeSnapshotAttribute,
    • ec2:DetachVolume,
    • ec2:ModifySnapshotAttribute,
    • ec2:ModifyVolumeAttribute,
    • ec2:DescribeTags

Examples

Below is a working config.yml file that works with AWS EBS.

libstorage:
  # The libstorage.service property directs a libStorage client to direct its
  # requests to the given service by default. It is not used by the server.
  service: ebs
  server:
    services:
      ebs:
        driver: ebs
        ebs:
          accessKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
          secretKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
          region:         us-east-1

NVMe Support

Support for NVMe requires a udev rule to alias the NVMe device to the path REX-Ray expects as a mount point. A similar udev rule is built into the Amazon Linux AMI already, and trivial to add to other linux distributions.

The following is an example of the udev rule that must be in place:

# /etc/udev/rules.d/999-aws-ebs-nvme.rules
# ebs nvme devices
KERNEL=="nvme[0-9]*n[0-9]*", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", ATTRS{model}=="Amazon Elastic Block Store", PROGRAM="/usr/local/bin/ebs-nvme-mapping /dev/%k", SYMLINK+="%c"

This script is a helper for creating the required device aliases required by REX-Ray to support NVMe:

#!/bin/bash
#/usr/local/bin/ebs-nvme-mapping
vol=$(/usr/sbin/nvme id-ctrl --raw-binary "${1}" | \
      cut -c3073-3104 | tr -s ' ' | sed 's/ $//g')
vol=${vol#/dev/}
[ -n "${vol}" ] && echo "${vol/xvd/sd} ${vol/sd/xvd}"

Elastic File System

The AWS EFS driver registers a storage driver named efs with the libStorage service registry and is used to connect and manage AWS Elastic File Systems.

Requirements

  • AWS account
  • VPC - EFS can be accessed within VPC
  • AWS Credentials

Configuration

The following is an example with all possible fields configured. For a running example see the Examples section.

efs:
  accessKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
  secretKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
  securityGroups:
  - sg-XXXXXXX
  - sg-XXXXXX0
  - sg-XXXXXX1
  region:              us-east-1
  tag:                 test
  disableSessionCache: false
  statusMaxAttempts:  6
  statusInitialDelay: 1s
  statusTimeout:      2m

Configuration Notes

  • The accessKey and secretKey configuration parameters are optional and should be used when explicit AWS credentials configuration needs to be provided. EFS driver uses official golang AWS SDK library and supports all other ways of providing access credentials, like environment variables or instance profile IAM permissions.
  • region represents AWS region where EFS should be provisioned. See official AWS documentation for list of supported regions.
  • securityGroups list of security groups attached to MountPoint instances. If no security groups are provided the default VPC security group is used.
  • tag is used to partition multiple services within single AWS account and is used as prefix for EFS names in format [tagprefix]/volumeName.
  • disableSessionCache is a flag that can be used to disable the session cache. If the session cache is disabled then a new AWS connection is established with every API call.
  • statusMaxAttempts is the number of times the status of a volume will be queried before giving up when waiting on a status change
  • statusInitialDelay specifies a time duration used to wait when polling volume status. This duration is used in exponential backoff, such that the first wait will be for this duration, the second for 2x, the third for 4x, etc. The units of the duration must be given (e.g. "100ms" or "1s").
  • statusTimeout is a maximum length of time that polling for volume status can occur. This serves as a backstop against a stuck request of malfunctioning API that never returns.

For information on the equivalent environment variable and CLI flag names please see the section on how non top-level configuration properties are transformed.

Runtime Behavior

AWS EFS storage driver creates one EFS FileSystem per volume and provides root of the filesystem as NFS mount point. Volumes aren't attached to instances directly but rather exposed to each subnet by creating MountPoint in each VPC subnet. When detaching volume from instance no action is taken as there isn't good way to figure out if there are other instances in same subnet using MountPoint that is being detached. There is no charge for MountPoint so they are removed only once whole volume is deleted.

By default all EFS instances are provisioned as generalPurpose performance mode. maxIO EFS type can be provisioned by providing maxIO flag as volumetype.

Its possible to mount same volume to multiple container on a single EC2 instance as well as use single volume across multiple EC2 instances at the same time.

!!! note Each EFS FileSystem can be accessed only from single VPC at the time.

Activating the Driver

To activate the AWS EFS driver please follow the instructions for activating storage drivers, using efs as the driver name.

Troubleshooting

  • Make sure that AWS credentials (user or role) has following AWS permissions on libStorage server instance that will be making calls to AWS API:
    • elasticfilesystem:CreateFileSystem
    • elasticfilesystem:CreateMountTarget
    • ec2:DescribeSubnets
    • ec2:DescribeNetworkInterfaces
    • ec2:CreateNetworkInterface
    • elasticfilesystem:CreateTags
    • elasticfilesystem:DeleteFileSystem
    • elasticfilesystem:DeleteMountTarget
    • ec2:DeleteNetworkInterface
    • elasticfilesystem:DescribeFileSystems
    • elasticfilesystem:DescribeMountTargets

Examples

Below is a working config.yml file that works with AWS EFS.

libstorage:
  # The libstorage.service property directs a libStorage client to direct its
  # requests to the given service by default. It is not used by the server.
  service: efs
  server:
    services:
      efs:
        driver: efs
        efs:
          accessKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
          secretKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
          securityGroups:
          - sg-XXXXXXX
          - sg-XXXXXX0
          - sg-XXXXXX1
          region:         us-east-1
          tag:            test

Simple Storage Service

The AWS S3FS driver registers a storage driver named s3fs with the libStorage service registry and provides the ability to mount Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) buckets as filesystems using the s3fs FUSE command.

Unlike the other AWS-related drivers, the S3FS storage driver does not need to deployed or used by an EC2 instance. Any client can take advantage of Amazon's S3 buckets.

Requirements

  • AWS account
  • The s3fs FUSE command must be present on client nodes.

Configuration

The following is an example with all possible fields configured. For a running example see the Examples section.

Server-Side Configuration

s3fs:
  region:           us-east-1
  accessKey:        XXXXXXXXXX
  secretKey:        XXXXXXXXXX
  disablePathStyle: false
  • The accessKey and secretKey configuration parameters are optional and should be used when explicit AWS credentials configuration needs to be provided. The S3FS driver uses the official Golang AWS SDK library and supports all other ways of providing access credentials, like environment variables or instance profile IAM permissions.
  • region represents AWS region where S3FS buckets should be provisioned. Please see the official AWS documentation for list of supported regions.
  • The disablePathStyle property disables the use of the path style for bucket endpoints. The path style is more stable with regards to regions than bucket URI FQDNs, but the path style is also less performant.

Client-Side Configuration

s3fs:
  cmd:            s3fs
  options:
  - XXXX
  - XXXX
  accessKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
  secretKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
  • The cmd property defaults simply to s3fs with the assumption that the s3fs binary will be in the path. This value can also be the absolute path to the s3fs binary.
  • options is a list of options to pass to the s3fs command. Please see the official documentation for a full list of CLI options. The -o prefix should not be provided in the configuration file.
  • The credential properties can be defined on the client via the configuration file and will be supplied to the s3fs process via environment variables. However, the s3fs command will also look in all the usual places for the credentials if they're not in this file.

For information on the equivalent environment variable and CLI flag names please see the section on how non top-level configuration properties are transformed.

Runtime Behavior

The AWS S3FS storage driver can create new buckets as well as remove existing ones. Buckets are mounted to clients as filesystems using the s3fs FUSE command. For clients to correctly mount and unmount S3 buckets the s3fs command should be in the path of the executor or configured via the s3fs.cmd property in the client-side REX-Ray configuration file.

The client must also have access to the AWS credentials used for mounting and unmounting S3 buckets. These credentials can be stored in the client-side REX-Ray configuration file or via any means available to the s3fs command.

Activating the Driver

To activate the AWS S3FS driver please follow the instructions for activating storage drivers, using s3fs as the driver name.

Examples

Below is a working config.yml file that works with AWS S3FS.

libstorage:
  # The libstorage.service property directs a libStorage client to direct its
  # requests to the given service by default. It is not used by the server.
  service: s3fs
  server:
    services:
      s3fs:
        driver: s3fs
        s3fs:
          accessKey:      XXXXXXXXXX
          secretKey:      XXXXXXXXXX