New: Limited support for barriers

qiskit_rigetti/_qcs_backend.py

@@ -13,32 +13,20 @@
 #    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 #    limitations under the License.
 ##############################################################################
-import warnings
 from typing import Optional, Any, Union, List
 from uuid import uuid4
 
 from pyquil import get_qc
 from pyquil.api import QuantumComputer, EngagementManager
 from qcs_api_client.client import QCSClientConfiguration
 from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister
-from qiskit.circuit import Barrier, Measure
+from qiskit.circuit import Measure
 from qiskit.providers import BackendV1, Options, Provider
 from qiskit.providers.models import QasmBackendConfiguration
 
 from ._qcs_job import RigettiQCSJob
 
 
-def _remove_barriers(circuit: QuantumCircuit) -> None:
-    """Strips barriers from the circuit. Mutates the input circuit."""
-    data = []
-    for d in circuit.data:
-        if isinstance(d[0], Barrier):
-            warnings.warn("`barrier` has no effect on a RigettiQCSBackend and will be omitted")
-        else:
-            data.append(d)
-    circuit.data = data
-
-
 def _prepare_readouts(circuit: QuantumCircuit) -> None:
     """
     Errors if measuring into more than one readout. If only measuring one, ensures its name is 'ro'. Mutates the input
@@ -96,7 +84,6 @@ def _prepare_circuit(circuit: QuantumCircuit) -> QuantumCircuit:
     Returns a prepared copy of the circuit for execution on the QCS Backend.
     """
     circuit = circuit.copy()
-    _remove_barriers(circuit)
     _prepare_readouts(circuit)
     return circuit
 

qiskit_rigetti/_qcs_job.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 #    limitations under the License.
 ##############################################################################
+import warnings
 from collections import Counter
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import Optional, Dict, Any, List, Union, Iterator, cast
@@ -87,6 +88,7 @@ def _start(self) -> None:
     def _start_circuit(self, circuit: QuantumCircuit) -> Response:
         shots = self._options["shots"]
         qasm = circuit.qasm()
+        qasm = self._handle_barriers(qasm, circuit.num_qubits)
 
         before_compile: List[PreCompilationHook] = self._options.get("before_compile", [])
         for fn in before_compile:
@@ -107,6 +109,29 @@ def _start_circuit(self, circuit: QuantumCircuit) -> Response:
         # typing: QuantumComputer's inner QAM is generic, so we set the expected type here
         return cast(Response, self._qc.qam.execute(executable))
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _handle_barriers(qasm: str, num_circuit_qubits: int) -> str:
+        lines = []
+        for line in qasm.splitlines():
+            if not line.startswith("barrier"):
+                lines.append(line)
+                continue
+
+            qubits = line[(len("barrier ")) :]
+            num_qubits = qubits.count(",") + 1
+            if num_qubits < num_circuit_qubits:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "barriers not applied to all circuit qubits will be omitted during execution on a RigettiQCSBackend"
+                    " -- apply barrier to all circuit qubits to preserve barrier effect",
+                )
+                continue
+
+            lines += [
+                "#pragma PRESERVE_BLOCK;",
+                "#pragma END_PRESERVE_BLOCK;",
+            ]
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
     def result(self) -> Result:
         """
         Wait until the job is complete, then return a result.

qiskit_rigetti/hooks/pre_compilation.py

@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@ def set_rewiring(rewiring: str) -> PreCompilationHook:
     """
 
     def fn(qasm: str) -> str:
-        return qasm.replace("OPENQASM 2.0;", f'OPENQASM 2.0;\n#pragma INITIAL_REWIRING "{rewiring}"')
+        return qasm.replace("OPENQASM 2.0;", f'OPENQASM 2.0;\n#pragma INITIAL_REWIRING "{rewiring}";')
 
     return fn

tests/test_hooks.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def test_set_rewiring():
     assert new_qasm.rstrip() == "\n".join(
         [
             "OPENQASM 2.0;",
-            '#pragma INITIAL_REWIRING "NAIVE"',
+            '#pragma INITIAL_REWIRING "NAIVE";',
             'include "qelib1.inc";',
         ]
     )

tests/test_qcs_backend.py

@@ -57,25 +57,6 @@ def test_run__multiple_circuits(backend: RigettiQCSBackend):
     assert result.get_counts(1).keys() == {"000"}
 
 
-def test_run__barrier(backend: RigettiQCSBackend):
-    circuit = make_circuit()
-    circuit.barrier()
-    qasm_before = circuit.qasm()
-
-    with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="`barrier` has no effect on a RigettiQCSBackend and will be omitted"):
-        job = execute(circuit, backend, shots=10)
-
-    assert circuit.qasm() == qasm_before, "should not modify original circuit"
-
-    assert job.backend() is backend
-    result = job.result()
-    assert job.status() == JobStatus.DONE
-    assert result.backend_name == backend.configuration().backend_name
-    assert result.results[0].header.name == circuit.name
-    assert result.results[0].shots == 10
-    assert result.get_counts().keys() == {"00"}
-
-
 def test_run__readout_register_not_named_ro(backend: RigettiQCSBackend):
     circuit = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q"), ClassicalRegister(2, "not_ro"))
     circuit.measure([0, 1], [0, 1])

tests/test_qcs_job.py

@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@
 
 
 def test_init__start_circuit_unsuccessful(backend: RigettiQCSBackend):
-    circuit = make_circuit(2 * backend.configuration().num_qubits)  # Use too many qubits
+    circuit = make_circuit(num_qubits=backend.configuration().num_qubits+1)  # Use too many qubits
     with pytest.raises(Exception):
         make_job(backend, circuit)
 
 
 def test_init__before_compile_hook(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: MockerFixture):
-    circuit = make_circuit(backend.configuration().num_qubits)
+    circuit = make_circuit(num_qubits=2)
     qc = get_qc(backend.configuration().backend_name)
     quil_to_native_quil_spy = mocker.spy(qc.compiler, "quil_to_native_quil")
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def before_compile_hook(qasm: str) -> str:
 
 
 def test_init__before_execute_hook(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: MockerFixture):
-    circuit = make_circuit(backend.configuration().num_qubits)
+    circuit = make_circuit(num_qubits=2)
     qc = get_qc(backend.configuration().backend_name)
     native_quil_to_executable_spy = mocker.spy(qc.compiler, "native_quil_to_executable")
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def before_execute_hook(quil: Program) -> Program:
 
 
 def test_init__ensure_native_quil__true(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: MockerFixture):
-    circuit = make_circuit(backend.configuration().num_qubits)
+    circuit = make_circuit(num_qubits=2)
     qc = get_qc(backend.configuration().backend_name)
     quil_to_native_quil_spy = mocker.spy(qc.compiler, "quil_to_native_quil")
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ def test_init__ensure_native_quil__true(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: Mock
 
 
 def test_init__ensure_native_quil__ignored_if_no_pre_execution_hooks(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: MockerFixture):
-    circuit = make_circuit(backend.configuration().num_qubits)
+    circuit = make_circuit(num_qubits=2)
     qc = get_qc(backend.configuration().backend_name)
     quil_to_native_quil_spy = mocker.spy(qc.compiler, "quil_to_native_quil")
 
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ def test_init__ensure_native_quil__ignored_if_no_pre_execution_hooks(backend: Ri
 
 
 def test_init__ensure_native_quil__false(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: MockerFixture):
-    circuit = make_circuit(backend.configuration().num_qubits)
+    circuit = make_circuit(num_qubits=2)
     qc = get_qc(backend.configuration().backend_name)
     quil_to_native_quil_spy = mocker.spy(qc.compiler, "quil_to_native_quil")
 
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def test_init__ensure_native_quil__false(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: Moc
 
 
 def test_init__ensure_native_quil__missing(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: MockerFixture):
-    circuit = make_circuit(backend.configuration().num_qubits)
+    circuit = make_circuit(num_qubits=2)
     qc = get_qc(backend.configuration().backend_name)
     quil_to_native_quil_spy = mocker.spy(qc.compiler, "quil_to_native_quil")
 
@@ -140,14 +140,81 @@ def test_init__ensure_native_quil__missing(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: M
     assert quil_to_native_quil_spy.call_count == 1, "compile not performed correct number of times"
 
 
+def test_init__circuit_with_barrier__all_qubits(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: MockerFixture):
+    circuit = QuilCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q"), ClassicalRegister(2, "ro"))
+    circuit.h(0)
+    circuit.barrier()
+    circuit.h(0)
+    circuit.measure([0, 1], [0, 1])
+    qc = get_qc(backend.configuration().backend_name)
+    quil_to_native_quil_spy = mocker.spy(qc.compiler, "quil_to_native_quil")
+
+    expected_qasm = "\n".join(
+        [
+            "OPENQASM 2.0;",
+            'include "qelib1.inc";',
+            "qreg q[2];",
+            "creg ro[2];",
+            "h q[0];",
+            "#pragma PRESERVE_BLOCK;",
+            "#pragma END_PRESERVE_BLOCK;",
+            "h q[0];",
+            "measure q[0] -> ro[0];",
+            "measure q[1] -> ro[1];",
+        ]
+    )
+
+    make_job(backend, circuit, qc)
+
+    program: Program = quil_to_native_quil_spy.call_args[0][0]
+    qasm = program.out(calibrations=False).rstrip()
+    assert qasm == expected_qasm
+
+
+def test_init__circuit_with_barrier__qubit_subset(backend: RigettiQCSBackend, mocker: MockerFixture):
+    circuit = QuilCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q"), ClassicalRegister(2, "ro"))
+    circuit.h(0)
+    circuit.barrier(0)
+    circuit.h(0)
+    circuit.measure([0, 1], [0, 1])
+    qc = get_qc(backend.configuration().backend_name)
+    quil_to_native_quil_spy = mocker.spy(qc.compiler, "quil_to_native_quil")
+
+    expected_qasm = "\n".join(
+        [
+            "OPENQASM 2.0;",
+            'include "qelib1.inc";',
+            "qreg q[2];",
+            "creg ro[2];",
+            "h q[0];",
+            "h q[0];",
+            "measure q[0] -> ro[0];",
+            "measure q[1] -> ro[1];",
+        ]
+    )
+
+    with pytest.warns(
+        UserWarning,
+        match=(
+            "barriers not applied to all circuit qubits will be omitted during execution on a RigettiQCSBackend -- "
+            "apply barrier to all circuit qubits to preserve barrier effect"
+        ),
+    ):
+        make_job(backend, circuit, qc)
+
+    program: Program = quil_to_native_quil_spy.call_args[0][0]
+    qasm = program.out(calibrations=False).rstrip()
+    assert qasm == expected_qasm
+
+
 def test_result(job: RigettiQCSJob):
     result = job.result()
 
     assert result.date == job.result().date, "Result not cached"
 
     assert job.status() == JobStatus.DONE
 
-    assert result.backend_name == "2q-qvm"
+    assert result.backend_name == "3q-qvm"
     assert result.job_id == job.job_id()
     assert result.success is True
 
@@ -176,16 +243,16 @@ def test_submit(job: RigettiQCSJob):
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def backend():
-    return RigettiQCSProvider().get_simulator(num_qubits=2)
+    return RigettiQCSProvider().get_simulator(num_qubits=3)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def job(backend):
-    circuit = make_circuit(backend.configuration().num_qubits)
+    circuit = make_circuit(num_qubits=2)
     return make_job(backend, circuit)
 
 
-def make_circuit(num_qubits) -> QuilCircuit:
+def make_circuit(*, num_qubits) -> QuilCircuit:
     circuit = QuilCircuit(QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q"), ClassicalRegister(num_qubits, "ro"))
     circuit.h(0)
     circuit.measure(range(num_qubits), range(num_qubits))