Add GetMinimumDelegation (backport of #24020, #24158, #24192, #24175)

[brooksprumo]

Problem

As part of #22559, the PR to actually raise the minimum delegation (#24357) fails CI during downstream-projects when building/testing stake-pool. The stake-pool program would like to have a v1.10 of the SDK that has the new GetMinimumDelegation instruction, which it can use internally to query the value, instead of using a hard-coded literal.

Summary of Changes

Backport GetMinimumDelegation to v1.10. Due to the changes in the program-runtime (how accounts are passed in), a mergify backport will not be trivial. Instead, I've manually backported #24020, #24158, #24192, #24175 due to how much the code has diverged. Note that v1.10 will not get the feature to actually raise the minimum delegation.

The number of changes in this PR is quite large. If it's preferred, I can break it up into smaller chunks as well. There should not be any functional changes when compared to master.

Feature Gate Issue: #24057

[mvines]

I'd like to not introduce any new runtime changes into v1.10 at this point. A couple alternatives:

1. Add a stub in the stake-pool until we ship v1.11.0 and update SPL to use it
2. Wait until we ship v1.11.0 and update SPL to use it and land the dependent stake-pool changes

[brooksprumo]

I'd like to not introduce any new runtime changes into v1.10 at this point.

Yeah, that's the right call. Jon and I talked and have a way to unblock this. Closing!