Speed up get_child by first checking links that have id in them

[jsignell]

Related Issue(s):

• Efficiently fetching a specific child object #99

Description:

This PR passes id along to the underlying method so the links can be sorted to prefer the ones that contain the id and reduce the number of calls.

I am not sure how to test this. I was originally thinking that I could check the number of calls on one of the methods on Link that happen withing get_stac_objects but this felt rather convoluted and I am going to have to put this down for a few days, so I figured I should just go ahead and open the PR with what I've got.

PR Checklist:

• pre-commit hooks pass locally
• Tests pass (run scripts/test)
• Documentation has been updated to reflect changes, if applicable
• This PR maintains or improves overall codebase code coverage.
• Changes are added to the CHANGELOG. See the docs for information about adding to the changelog.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Patch coverage: 100.00% and project coverage change: +0.01 🎉

Comparison is base (3f6588d) 90.24% compared to head (8b831c0) 90.25%.

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Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1064      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   90.24%   90.25%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files          47       47              
  Lines        6220     6228       +8     
  Branches      931      935       +4     
==========================================
+ Hits         5613     5621       +8     
  Misses        427      427              
  Partials      180      180              

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
pystac/catalog.py	92.87% <100.00%> (+0.09%)	⬆️
pystac/stac_object.py	92.61% <100.00%> (+0.07%)	⬆️

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[gadomski]

I am not sure how to test this.

We could assert that non-preferred links are unresolved? E.g.

_ = catalog.get_child(id="foo")
for link in catalog.links:
    if "foo" not in link.href:
        assert not foo.is_resolved()

[gadomski]

Needs a CHANGELOG entry.