Viewport: Store viewport, rotation in globals

[shilman]

Closes N/A

Redo of #23448

What I did

Instead of storing the viewport & rotation in addon state, store them in globals.

This has two benefits:

1. users can now set the viewport via globals URL parameters:
   a. viewport controls device settings
   b. viewportRotated controls device orientation
2. gets us a step closer to using globals across our toolbar addons

How to test

1. Fire up a sandbox
2. Adjust the viewports in Page stories & note URL changes
3. Navigate between stories
4. Navigate to the viewport stories in the sandbox and do the same

🦋 Canary release

This PR does not have a canary release associated. You can request a canary release of this pull request by mentioning the @storybookjs/core team here.

core team members can create a canary release here or locally with gh workflow run --repo storybookjs/storybook canary-release-pr.yml --field pr=<PR_NUMBER>

[shilman]

closing in favor of #25423