Alleged Kernel in Rust for RISC-V 64.

What works

1. Bootstraping rust runtime with QEMU -machine=virt (Which we shall call: virt)
2. Reading the device tree. We just pull out what we need in a big horrible function.
3. Basic Memory allocation with a fixed size heap.
4. UART serial console. With println! support. Fallback to SBI putchar in case of early panic.
5. Unit test framework.
6. Timers using the monotonic mtime clock.
7. Reading RTC time.
8. System reset/shutdown via SBI.
9. Easy launching by going cargo run. (Assuming you have a toolchain and qemu)

What doesn't

1. Paging.
2. Good allocation of all the avalible memory.
3. External interrupts. Yes the code seems to be there for UART interrupts. But it doesn't work.

How to:

All os.

Assming $SRC is a directory

• Clone this repo as a subdirectory of $SRC:

$ git clone [email protected]:trissylegs/adeline-os.git "$SRC/kernel"

• Clone opensbi next to this repo:

$ git clone [email protected]:riscv-software-src/opensbi.git "$SRC/opensbi"

Ensure you have QEMU with RISC-V support. Checking:

$ qemu-system-riscv64 -version
QEMU emulator version 7.1.0
Copyright (c) 2003-2022 Fabrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers

To Compile:

# There's no strict order. OpenSBI isn't a compile-time dependency.
$ make opensbi
$ cargo build

To run:

make run

or

cargo run

To debug open two terminals

# Terminal 1:
$ make run-gdb

# Terminal 2:
$ make attach-gdb

Macos

TODO

Notes:

• The brew tap for riscv-gnu-toolchain was outdated last I checked.
• I'm manually compiling and building the risc-v tools from: https://github.com/riscv-collab/riscv-gnu-toolchain
• Just clone the repo. Setup your desintion with write permissions for your user. I put them in /opt/riscv.
• The tools just need to be in your $PATH under names like: riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc
• The rust instructions for linux should be correct still for mac.

Linux

FIXME: I broke linux config making macos work :/

1. Linux host (Maybe FreeBSD works)
2. qemu-system-riscv64 (A riscv64 emulator)
3. A gnu riscv-elf- toolchain. So can you do this:

$ riscv64-elf-gcc
riscv64-elf-gcc: fatal error: no input files
compilation terminated.

4. Rust + Cargo with target riscv64gc-unknown-none-elf. To install with rustup run. (I think this is optional, but it doesn't hurt)

$ rustup target add riscv64gc-unknown-none-elf

4. Optional: riscv-elf-gdb (For debugging)

Running.

1. Make a directory for working with multiple repos.

$ mkdir adeline-os
$ cd adeline-os

2. Checkout this repo

$ git checkout [email protected]:trissylegs/adeline-os.git

3. Checkout OpenSBI.

$ git checkout [email protected]:riscv-software-src/opensbi.git

4. Make opensbi

$ cd opensbi
$ make CROSS_COMPILE=riscv64-elf- PLATFORM=generic

5. Go back to our repo

$ cd ../adeline-os

6. Cargo run

$ cargo run

Should get something like this:

OpenSBI v1.0-5-g5d025eb
   ____                    _____ ____ _____
  / __ \                  / ____|  _ \_   _|
 | |  | |_ __   ___ _ __ | (___ | |_) || |
 | |  | | '_ \ / _ \ '_ \ \___ \|  _ < | |
 | |__| | |_) |  __/ | | |____) | |_) || |_
  \____/| .__/ \___|_| |_|_____/|____/_____|
        | |
        |_|

Platform Name             : riscv-virtio,qemu
...
Boot HART MEDELEG         : 0x000000000000b109
Hello, world
heart: 0
device tree: 0x87000000
Sstatus {
  uie: false
  sie: false
  upie: false
  spie: false
  spp: User
  fs: Dirty
  xs: Off
  sum: false
  mxr: false
  sd: true
}
Sstatus {
  usoft: false
  ssoft: false
  utimer: false
  utimer: false
  stimer: false
  uext: false
  sext: false
}
Stvec {
  address: 80204000
  mode: Some(Direct)
}

Bare
0
0
Base mapping not more details.

Debugging

After doing above.

1. Open two terminals in the root of this repos source.
2. Launch qemu with kernel. It'll pause on the first instruction (should be at 0x1000)

$ make run-gdb

3. Launch gdb atteched to remote session

$ make attach-gdb

4. Set your breakpoints. Some good breakpoints:
   • break *0x80000000 Entrypoint for OpenSBI. You can also get here quickly by just using stepi.
   • break sbi_trap_handler. Entry point for SBI's trap handler. You'll get here when you do something wrong, make an SBI call, or when a timer goes off.
   • break *0x80200000. Entry for Supervisor mode. Assembly defined in entry.S. Address hardcoded in linker.ld
   • break kmain. Rust entrypoint.