support breadcrumb style catch-all parallel routes (#65063)

A common pattern for parallel routes is breadcrumbs. For example, if I
have a lot of dynamic pages, and I want to render a parallel route that
renders as a breadcrumb to enumerate those dynamic params, intuitively
I'd reach for something like `app/@slot/[...allTheThings]/page.tsx`.
Currently however, `[...allTheThings]` would only match params to a
corresponding `app/[allTheThings]/page.tsx`. This makes it difficult to
build the breadcrumbs use-case unless you re-create every single dynamic
page in the parallel route as well.

This adds handling to provide unmatched catch-all routes with all of the
params that are known. For example, if I was on
`/app/[artist]/[album]/[track]`, and I visited `/zack/greatest-hits/1`,
the parallel `@slot` params would receive: `{ allTheThings: ['zack',
'greatest-hits', '1'] }`

Fixes #62539

Closes NEXT-3230

packages/next/src/server/app-render/app-render.tsx

@@ -236,15 +236,24 @@ function makeGetDynamicParamFromSegment(
     }
 
     if (!value) {
-      // Handle case where optional catchall does not have a value, e.g. `/dashboard/[...slug]` when requesting `/dashboard`
-      if (segmentParam.type === 'optional-catchall') {
+      // Handle case where optional catchall does not have a value, e.g. `/dashboard/[[...slug]]` when requesting `/dashboard`
+      if (
+        segmentParam.type === 'optional-catchall' ||
+        segmentParam.type === 'catchall'
+      ) {
+        // If we weren't able to match the segment to a URL param, and we have a catch-all route,
+        // provide all of the known params (in array format) to the route
+        // It should be safe to assume the order of these params is consistent with the order of the segments.
+        // However, if not, we could re-parse the `pagePath` with `getRouteRegex` and iterate over the positional order.
+        value = Object.values(params).map((i) => encodeURIComponent(i))
+        const hasValues = value.length > 0
         const type = dynamicParamTypes[segmentParam.type]
         return {
           param: key,
-          value: null,
+          value: hasValues ? value : null,
           type: type,
           // This value always has to be a string.
-          treeSegment: [key, '', type],
+          treeSegment: [key, hasValues ? value.join('/') : '', type],
         }
       }
       return findDynamicParamFromRouterState(flightRouterState, segment)

test/e2e/app-dir/parallel-routes-breadcrumbs/app/@slot/[...catchAll]/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+export default function Page({ params: { catchAll } }) {
+  return (
+    <div id="slot">
+      <h1>Parallel Route!</h1>
+      <ul>
+        <li>Artist: {catchAll[0]}</li>
+        <li>Album: {catchAll[1] ?? 'Select an album'}</li>
+        <li>Track: {catchAll[2] ?? 'Select a track'}</li>
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

test/e2e/app-dir/parallel-routes-breadcrumbs/app/@slot/default.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export default function Page() {
+  return null
+}

test/e2e/app-dir/parallel-routes-breadcrumbs/app/[artist]/[album]/[track]/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import Link from 'next/link'
+
+export default function Page({ params }) {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <h2>Track: {params.track}</h2>
+      <Link href={`/${params.artist}/${params.album}`}>Back to album</Link>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

test/e2e/app-dir/parallel-routes-breadcrumbs/app/[artist]/[album]/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import Link from 'next/link'
+
+export default function Page({ params }) {
+  const tracks = ['track1', 'track2', 'track3']
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <h2>Album: {params.album}</h2>
+      <ul>
+        {tracks.map((track) => (
+          <li key={track}>
+            <Link href={`/${params.artist}/${params.album}/${track}`}>
+              {track}
+            </Link>
+          </li>
+        ))}
+      </ul>
+      <Link href={`/${params.artist}`}>Back to artist</Link>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

test/e2e/app-dir/parallel-routes-breadcrumbs/app/[artist]/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import Link from 'next/link'
+
+export default function Page({ params }) {
+  const albums = ['album1', 'album2', 'album3']
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <h2>Artist: {params.artist}</h2>
+      <ul>
+        {albums.map((album) => (
+          <li key={album}>
+            <Link href={`/${params.artist}/${album}`}>{album}</Link>
+          </li>
+        ))}
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

test/e2e/app-dir/parallel-routes-breadcrumbs/app/layout.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import React from 'react'
+
+export default function Root({
+  children,
+  slot,
+}: {
+  children: React.ReactNode
+  slot: React.ReactNode
+}) {
+  return (
+    <html>
+      <body>
+        <div id="slot">{slot}</div>
+        <div id="children">{children}</div>
+      </body>
+    </html>
+  )
+}

test/e2e/app-dir/parallel-routes-breadcrumbs/app/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import Link from 'next/link'
+
+export default async function Home() {
+  const artists = ['artist1', 'artist2', 'artist3']
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <h1>Artists</h1>
+      <ul>
+        {artists.map((artist) => (
+          <li key={artist}>
+            <Link href={`/${artist}`}>{artist}</Link>
+          </li>
+        ))}
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

test/e2e/app-dir/parallel-routes-breadcrumbs/next.config.js

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+/**
+ * @type {import('next').NextConfig}
+ */
+const nextConfig = {}
+
+module.exports = nextConfig

test/e2e/app-dir/parallel-routes-breadcrumbs/parallel-routes-breadcrumbs.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import { nextTestSetup } from 'e2e-utils'
+import { retry } from 'next-test-utils'
+
+describe('parallel-routes-breadcrumbs', () => {
+  const { next } = nextTestSetup({
+    files: __dirname,
+  })
+
+  it('should provide an unmatched catch-all route with params', async () => {
+    const browser = await next.browser('/')
+    await browser.elementByCss("[href='/artist1']").click()
+
+    const slot = await browser.waitForElementByCss('#slot')
+
+    // verify page is rendering the params
+    expect(await browser.elementByCss('h2').text()).toBe('Artist: artist1')
+
+    // verify slot is rendering the params
+    expect(await slot.text()).toContain('Artist: artist1')
+    expect(await slot.text()).toContain('Album: Select an album')
+    expect(await slot.text()).toContain('Track: Select a track')
+
+    await browser.elementByCss("[href='/artist1/album2']").click()
+
+    await retry(async () => {
+      // verify page is rendering the params
+      expect(await browser.elementByCss('h2').text()).toBe('Album: album2')
+    })
+
+    // verify slot is rendering the params
+    expect(await slot.text()).toContain('Artist: artist1')
+    expect(await slot.text()).toContain('Album: album2')
+    expect(await slot.text()).toContain('Track: Select a track')
+
+    await browser.elementByCss("[href='/artist1/album2/track3']").click()
+
+    await retry(async () => {
+      // verify page is rendering the params
+      expect(await browser.elementByCss('h2').text()).toBe('Track: track3')
+    })
+
+    // verify slot is rendering the params
+    expect(await slot.text()).toContain('Artist: artist1')
+    expect(await slot.text()).toContain('Album: album2')
+    expect(await slot.text()).toContain('Track: track3')
+  })
+})