Ensure asPath is correctly normalized in minimalMode with i18n (#31281)

This ensures the `asPath` and `req.url` values are normalized correctly for fallback pages with i18n in minimal mode. This also copies the minimal mode test suite to run against i18n as well. This also fixes an issue where rewrite params weren't passed correctly on the client when no params were already used in the destination. 

The provided reproduction has been deployed against this patch [here](https://nextjs-error-repro-9zdu3sp5r-ijjk-testing.vercel.app/page/test-page) show it working. 

## Bug

- [x] Related issues linked using `fixes #number`
- [x] Integration tests added
- [x] Errors have helpful link attached, see `contributing.md`

Fixes: #27563
Fixes: #30203

packages/next/server/next-server.ts

@@ -426,6 +426,11 @@ export default class Server {
       })
 
       try {
+        // ensure parsedUrl.pathname includes URL before processing
+        // rewrites or they won't match correctly
+        if (this.nextConfig.i18n && !url.locale?.path.detectedLocale) {
+          parsedUrl.pathname = `/${url.locale?.locale}${parsedUrl.pathname}`
+        }
         utils.handleRewrites(req, parsedUrl)
 
         // interpolate dynamic params and normalize URL if needed
@@ -487,6 +492,7 @@ export default class Server {
           ? ''
           : matchedPathname
       }`
+      url.pathname = parsedUrl.pathname
     }
 
     addRequestMeta(req, '__nextHadTrailingSlash', url.locale?.trailingSlash)

packages/next/shared/lib/router/utils/prepare-destination.ts

@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ export function prepareDestination(args: {
   query: NextParsedUrlQuery
 }) {
   const query = Object.assign({}, args.query)
-  const hadLocale = query.__nextLocale
   delete query.__nextLocale
   delete query.__nextDefaultLocale
 
@@ -170,12 +169,9 @@ export function prepareDestination(args: {
 
   // add path params to query if it's not a redirect and not
   // already defined in destination query or path
-  let paramKeys = Object.keys(args.params)
-
-  // remove internal param for i18n
-  if (hadLocale) {
-    paramKeys = paramKeys.filter((name) => name !== 'nextInternalLocale')
-  }
+  let paramKeys = Object.keys(args.params).filter(
+    (name) => name !== 'nextInternalLocale'
+  )
 
   if (
     args.appendParamsToQuery &&