Fix: Throw an error for empty array return in generateStaticParams with output:export

packages/next/src/build/index.ts

@@ -1708,15 +1708,19 @@ export default async function build(
                             const isDynamic = isDynamicRoute(page)
                             const hasGenerateStaticParams =
                               !!workerResult.prerenderRoutes?.length
-
-                            if (
-                              config.output === 'export' &&
-                              isDynamic &&
-                              !hasGenerateStaticParams
-                            ) {
-                              throw new Error(
-                                `Page "${page}" is missing "generateStaticParams()" so it cannot be used with "output: export" config.`
-                              )
+                            const isEmptyGenerateStaticParams =
+                              workerResult.prerenderRoutes?.length === 0
+
+                            if (config.output === 'export' && isDynamic) {
+                              if (isEmptyGenerateStaticParams) {
+                                throw new Error(
+                                  `Page "${page}"'s "generateStaticParams()" returned an empty array, which is not allowed with "output: export" config.`
+                                )
+                              } else if (!hasGenerateStaticParams) {
+                                throw new Error(
+                                  `Page "${page}" is missing "generateStaticParams()" so it cannot be used with "output: export" config.`
+                                )
+                              }
                             }
 
                             if (

packages/next/src/server/base-server.ts

@@ -1794,7 +1794,12 @@ export default abstract class Server<ServerOptions extends Options = Options> {
           )
         }
         const resolvedWithoutSlash = removeTrailingSlash(resolvedUrlPathname)
-        if (!staticPaths?.includes(resolvedWithoutSlash)) {
+        if (!staticPaths || staticPaths.length === 0) {
+          throw new Error(
+            `Page "${page}"'s "generateStaticParams()" returned an empty array, which is not allowed with "output: export" config.`
+          )
+        }
+        if (!staticPaths.includes(resolvedWithoutSlash)) {
           throw new Error(
             `Page "${page}" is missing param "${resolvedWithoutSlash}" in "generateStaticParams()", which is required with "output: export" config.`
           )

test/integration/app-dir-export/test/dynamic-missing-gsp-dev.test.ts

@@ -21,5 +21,15 @@ describe('app dir - with output export - dynamic missing gsp dev', () => {
           'Page "/another/[slug]/page" cannot use both "use client" and export function "generateStaticParams()".',
       })
     })
+
+    it('should error when generateStaticParams returns an empty array', async () => {
+      await runTests({
+        isDev: true,
+        dynamicPage: 'undefined',
+        generateStaticParamsOpt: 'set empty',
+        expectedErrMsg:
+          'Page "/another/[slug]/page"\'s "generateStaticParams()" returned an empty array, which is not allowed with "output: export" config.',
+      })
+    })
   })
 })

test/integration/app-dir-export/test/dynamic-missing-gsp-prod.test.ts

@@ -21,5 +21,15 @@ describe('app dir - with output export - dynamic missing gsp prod', () => {
           'Page "/another/[slug]/page" cannot use both "use client" and export function "generateStaticParams()".',
       })
     })
+
+    it('should error when generateStaticParams returns an empty array', async () => {
+      await runTests({
+        isDev: false,
+        dynamicPage: 'undefined',
+        generateStaticParamsOpt: 'set empty',
+        expectedErrMsg:
+          'Page "/another/[slug]"\'s "generateStaticParams()" returned an empty array, which is not allowed with "output: export" config.',
+      })
+    })
   })
 })

test/integration/app-dir-export/test/utils.ts

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ export async function runTests({
   trailingSlash?: boolean
   dynamicPage?: string
   dynamicApiRoute?: string
-  generateStaticParamsOpt?: 'set noop' | 'set client'
+  generateStaticParamsOpt?: 'set noop' | 'set client' | 'set empty'
   expectedErrMsg?: string
 }) {
   if (trailingSlash !== undefined) {
@@ -124,6 +124,11 @@ export async function runTests({
     slugPage.replace('export function generateStaticParams', 'function noop')
   } else if (generateStaticParamsOpt === 'set client') {
     slugPage.prepend('"use client"\n')
+  } else if (generateStaticParamsOpt === 'set empty') {
+    slugPage.replace(
+      "return [{ slug: 'first' }, { slug: 'second' }]",
+      'return []'
+    )
   }
   await fs.remove(distDir)
   await fs.remove(exportDir)