Improve globe constraints and panning precision

[mourner]

Closes #12001.

• Remove broken mercator-based constraints on low zoom level globe, instead opting for constraining the center of the view to maxBounds (same behavior as with alternative projections). Incidentally this fixes not being able to pan to the poles on the lowest zoom levels.
• Fix scaling of the panning vector on globe view so that panning works more precisely, including near the poles and around globe to mercator transition zooms (it's now seamless).
• Remove leftover TrackingEllipsoid code that's no longer used anywhere.

Try it out and let me know if the new behavior looks good, and after we settle on it, I'll update the expected query/unit tests to pass (hence the draft status). This PR also doesn't address the zooming behavior which may get weird in certain situations, rotating the globe excessively, but we can follow up on that in a different PR.

Launch Checklist

• briefly describe the changes in this PR
• include before/after visuals or gifs if this PR includes visual changes
• write tests for all new functionality
• manually test the debug page
• tagged @mapbox/gl-native if this PR includes shader changes or needs a native port
• apply changelog label ('bug', 'feature', 'docs', etc) or use the label 'skip changelog'
• add an entry inside this element for inclusion in the mapbox-gl-js changelog: <changelog>Improve panning precision on Globe View and relax constrains on lower zoom levels</changelog>

[karimnaaji]

The fix looks good with the adjusted constraints! I left a note regarding the tracking ellipsoid to investigate, as I think it was mistakenly disabled it when adding globe.

[karimnaaji]

LGTM