executor: add testcase to cover stale read and prepare stmt (#33270)

[ti-srebot]

cherry-pick #33270 to release-6.0
You can switch your code base to this Pull Request by using git-extras:

# In tidb repo:
git pr https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/pull/33272

After apply modifications, you can push your change to this PR via:

git push [email protected]:ti-srebot/tidb.git pr/33272:release-6.0-0d160fb6455d

---

Signed-off-by: yisaer [email protected]

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: ref #31550

Problem Summary:

What is changed and how it works?

The bug is fixed, this requests add a testcase to cover it.

Check List

Tests

• Unit test

Release note

None

[ti-chi-bot]

[REVIEW NOTIFICATION]

This pull request has been approved by:

• JmPotato
• Yisaer

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[ti-srebot]

/run-all-tests

[ti-srebot]

@Yisaer you're already a collaborator in bot's repo.

[Yisaer]

/merge

[ti-chi-bot]

This pull request has been accepted and is ready to merge.

Commit hash: 56c9731

[ti-chi-bot]

@ti-srebot: Your PR was out of date, I have automatically updated it for you.

At the same time I will also trigger all tests for you:

/run-all-tests

If the CI test fails, you just re-trigger the test that failed and the bot will merge the PR for you after the CI passes.

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[sre-bot]

Code Coverage Details: https://codecov.io/github/pingcap/tidb/commit/7d726da2976d2c1e208bff6f9b1f53473940f54a