The Pulumi Command Provider enables you to execute commands and scripts either locally or remotely as part of the Pulumi resource model. Resources in the command package support running scripts on create and destroy operations, supporting stateful local and remote command execution.
There are many scenarios where the Command package can be useful:
- Running a command locally after creating a resource, to register it with an external service
- Running a command locally before deleting a resource, to deregister it with an external service
- Running a command remotely on a remote host immediately after creating it
- Copying a file to a remote host after creating it (potentially as a script to be executed afterwards)
- As a simple alternative to some use cases for Dynamic Providers (especially in languages which do not yet support Dynamic Providers).
Some users may have experience with Terraform "provisioners", and the Command package offers support for similar scenarios. However, the Command package is provided as independent resources which can be combined with other resources in many interesting ways. This has many strengths, but also some differences, such as the fact that a Command resource failing does not cause a resource it is operating on to fail.
You can use the Command package from a Pulumi program written in any Pulumi language: C#, Go, JavaScript/TypeScript, Python, and YAML. You'll need to install and configure the Pulumi CLI if you haven't already.
NOTE: The Command package is in preview. The API design may change ahead of general availability based on user feedback.
The simplest use case for local.Command is to just run a command on create, which can return some value which will be stored in the state file, and will be persistent for the life of the stack (or until the resource is destroyed or replaced). The example below uses this as an alternative to the random package to create some randomness which is stored in Pulumi state.
import { local } from "@pulumi/command";
const random = new local.Command("random", {
create: "openssl rand -hex 16",
});
export const output = random.stdout;package main
import (
"github.com/pulumi/pulumi-command/sdk/go/command/local"
"github.com/pulumi/pulumi/sdk/v3/go/pulumi"
)
func main() {
pulumi.Run(func(ctx *pulumi.Context) error {
random, err := local.NewCommand(ctx, "my-bucket", &local.CommandInput{
Create: pulumi.String("openssl rand -hex 16"),
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
ctx.Export("output", random.Stdout)
return nil
})
}This example creates and EC2 instance, and then uses remote.Command and remote.CopyFile to run commands and copy files to the remote instance (via SSH). Similar things are possible with Azure, Google Cloud and other cloud provider virtual machines. Support for Windows-based VMs is being tracked here.
Note that implicit and explicit (dependsOn) dependencies can be used to control the order that these Command and CopyFile resources are constructed relative to each other and to the cloud resources they depend on. This ensures that the create operations run after all dependencies are created, and the delete operations run before all dependencies are deleted.
Because the Command and CopyFile resources replace on changes to their connection, if the EC2 instance is replaced, the commands will all re-run on the new instance (and the delete operations will run on the old instance).
Note also that deleteBeforeReplace can be composed with Command resources to ensure that the delete operation on an "old" instance is run before the create operation of the new instance, in case a scarce resource is managed by the command. Similarly, other resource options can naturally be applied to Command resources, like ignoreChanges.
import { interpolate, Config } from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import { local, remote, types } from "@pulumi/command";
import * as aws from "@pulumi/aws";
import * as fs from "fs";
import * as os from "os";
import * as path from "path";
import { size } from "./size";
const config = new Config();
const keyName = config.get("keyName") ?? new aws.ec2.KeyPair("key", { publicKey: config.require("publicKey") }).keyName;
const privateKeyBase64 = config.get("privateKeyBase64");
const privateKey = privateKeyBase64 ? Buffer.from(privateKeyBase64, 'base64').toString('ascii') : fs.readFileSync(path.join(os.homedir(), ".ssh", "id_rsa")).toString("utf8");
const secgrp = new aws.ec2.SecurityGroup("secgrp", {
description: "Foo",
ingress: [
{ protocol: "tcp", fromPort: 22, toPort: 22, cidrBlocks: ["0.0.0.0/0"] },
{ protocol: "tcp", fromPort: 80, toPort: 80, cidrBlocks: ["0.0.0.0/0"] },
],
});
const ami = aws.ec2.getAmiOutput({
owners: ["amazon"],
mostRecent: true,
filters: [{
name: "name",
values: ["amzn2-ami-hvm-2.0.????????-x86_64-gp2"],
}],
});
const server = new aws.ec2.Instance("server", {
instanceType: size,
ami: ami.id,
keyName: keyName,
vpcSecurityGroupIds: [secgrp.id],
}, { replaceOnChanges: ["instanceType"] });
// Now set up a connection to the instance and run some provisioning operations on the instance.
const connection: types.input.remote.ConnectionInput = {
host: server.publicIp,
user: "ec2-user",
privateKey: privateKey,
};
const hostname = new remote.Command("hostname", {
connection,
create: "hostname",
});
new remote.Command("remotePrivateIP", {
connection,
create: interpolate`echo ${server.privateIp} > private_ip.txt`,
delete: `rm private_ip.txt`,
}, { deleteBeforeReplace: true });
new local.Command("localPrivateIP", {
create: interpolate`echo ${server.privateIp} > private_ip.txt`,
delete: `rm private_ip.txt`,
}, { deleteBeforeReplace: true });
const sizeFile = new remote.CopyFile("size", {
connection,
localPath: "./size.ts",
remotePath: "size.ts",
})
const catSize = new remote.Command("checkSize", {
connection,
create: "cat size.ts",
}, { dependsOn: sizeFile })
export const confirmSize = catSize.stdout;
export const publicIp = server.publicIp;
export const publicHostName = server.publicDns;
export const hostnameStdout = hostname.stdout;There may be cases where it is useful to run some code within an AWS Lambda or other serverless function during the deployment. For example, this may allow running some code from within a VPC, or with a specific role, without needing to have persistent compute available (such as the EC2 example above).
Note that the Lambda function itself can be created within the same Pulumi program, and then invoked after creation.
The example below simply creates some random value within the Lambda, which is a very roundabout way of doing the same thing as the first "random" example above, but this pattern can be used for more complex scenarios where the Lambda does things a local script could not.
import { local } from "@pulumi/command";
import * as aws from "@pulumi/aws";
import * as crypto from "crypto";
const f = new aws.lambda.CallbackFunction("f", {
publish: true,
callback: async (ev: any) => {
return crypto.randomBytes(ev.len/2).toString('hex');
}
});
const rand = new local.Command("execf", {
create: `aws lambda invoke --function-name "$FN" --payload '{"len": 10}' --cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out out.txt >/dev/null && cat out.txt | tr -d '"' && rm out.txt`,
environment: {
FN: f.qualifiedArn,
AWS_REGION: aws.config.region!,
AWS_PAGER: "",
},
})
export const output = rand.stdout;This example uses local.Command to create a simple resource provider for managing GitHub labels, by invoking curl commands on create and delete commands against the GitHub REST API. A similar approach could be applied to build other simple providers against any REST API directly from within Pulumi programs in any language. This approach is somewhat limited by the fact that local.Command does not yet support diff/read. Support for Read and Diff may be added in the future.
This example also shows how local.Command can be used as an implementation detail inside a nicer abstraction, like the GitHubLabel component defined below.
import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as random from "@pulumi/random";
import { local } from "@pulumi/command";
interface LabelArgs {
owner: pulumi.Input<string>;
repo: pulumi.Input<string>;
name: pulumi.Input<string>;
githubToken: pulumi.Input<string>;
}
class GitHubLabel extends pulumi.ComponentResource {
public url: pulumi.Output<string>;
constructor(name: string, args: LabelArgs, opts?: pulumi.ComponentResourceOptions) {
super("example:github:Label", name, args, opts);
const label = new local.Command("label", {
create: "./create_label.sh",
delete: "./delete_label.sh",
environment: {
OWNER: args.owner,
REPO: args.repo,
NAME: args.name,
GITHUB_TOKEN: args.githubToken,
}
}, { parent: this });
const response = label.stdout.apply(JSON.parse);
this.url = response.apply((x: any) => x.url as string);
}
}
const config = new pulumi.Config();
const rand = new random.RandomString("s", { length: 10, special: false });
const label = new GitHubLabel("l", {
owner: "pulumi",
repo: "pulumi-command",
name: rand.result,
githubToken: config.requireSecret("githubToken"),
});
export const labelUrl = label.url;# create_label.sh
curl \
-s \
-X POST \
-H "authorization: Bearer $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
-H "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json" \
https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/labels \
-d "{\"name\":\"$NAME\"}"# delete_label.sh
curl \
-s \
-X DELETE \
-H "authorization: Bearer $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
-H "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json" \
https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/labels/$NAMEThere are cases where it's important to run some cleanup operation before destroying a resource such as when destroying the resource does not properly handle orderly cleanup. For example, destroying an EKS Cluster will not ensure that all Kubernetes object finalizers are run, which may lead to leaking external resources managed by those Kubernetes resources. This example shows how we can use a delete-only Command to ensure some cleanup is run within a cluster before destroying it.
resources:
cluster:
type: eks:Cluster
cleanupKubernetesNamespaces:
# We could also use `RemoteCommand` to run this from
# within a node in the cluster.
type: command:local:Command
properties:
# This will run before the cluster is destroyed.
# Everything else will need to depend on this resource
# to ensure this cleanup doesn't happen too early.
delete: |
kubectl --kubeconfig <(echo "$KUBECONFIG_DATA") delete namespace nginx
# Process substitution "<()" doesn't work in the default interpreter sh.
interpreter: ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
environment:
KUBECONFIG_DATA: "${cluster.kubeconfigJson}"import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as command from "@pulumi/command";
import * as eks from "@pulumi/eks";
const cluster = new eks.Cluster("cluster", {});
// We could also use `RemoteCommand` to run this from within a node in the cluster
const cleanupKubernetesNamespaces = new command.local.Command("cleanupKubernetesNamespaces", {
// This will run before the cluster is destroyed. Everything else will need to
// depend on this resource to ensure this cleanup doesn't happen too early.
"delete": "kubectl --kubeconfig <(echo \"$KUBECONFIG_DATA\") delete namespace nginx\n",
// Process substitution "<()" doesn't work in the default interpreter sh.
interpreter: [
"/bin/bash",
"-c",
],
environment: {
KUBECONFIG_DATA: cluster.kubeconfigJson,
},
});When a local command creates assets as part of its execution, these can be captured by specifying assetPaths or archivePaths.
const lambdaBuild = local.runOutput({
dir: "../my-function",
command: `yarn && yarn build`,
archivePaths: ["dist/**"],
});
new aws.lambda.Function("my-function", {
code: lambdaBuild.archive,
// ...
});When using the assetPaths and archivePaths, they take a list of 'globs'.
- We only include files not directories for assets and archives.
- Path separators are
/on all platforms - including Windows. - Patterns starting with
!are 'exclude' rules. - Rules are evaluated in order, so exclude rules should be after inclusion rules.
*matches anything except/**matches anything, including/- All returned paths are relative to the working directory (without leading
./) e.g.file.textorsubfolder/file.txt. - For full details of the globbing syntax, see github.com/gobwas/glob
Given the rules:
- "assets/**"
- "src/**.js"
- "!**secret.*"When evaluating against this folder:
- assets/
- logos/
- logo.svg
- src/
- index.js
- secret.jsThe following paths will be returned:
- assets/logos/logo.svg
- src/index.js- Go 1.17
- NodeJS 10.X.X or later
- Python 3.6 or later
- .NET Core 3.1
Please refer to Contributing to Pulumi for installation guidance.
Run the following commands to install Go modules, generate all SDKs, and build the provider:
$ make ensure
$ make build
$ make install
Add the bin folder to your $PATH or copy the bin/pulumi-resource-command file to another location in your $PATH.
Navigate to the simple example and run Pulumi:
$ cd examples/simple
$ yarn link @pulumi/command
$ yarn install
$ pulumi up