Align to spec v0.12

[terencechain]

This PR tracks to the progress to align Prysm to v.0.12 which is target for multi client testnet and hopefully the very last release for mainnet. The working branch for this is on: https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/tree/v0.12

Beacon chain ⛓️

• Adjust INACTIVITY_PENALTY_QUOTIENT to accurately reflect intention (Fix INACTIVITY_PENALTY_QUOTIENT ethereum/consensus-specs#1712)
• Rename SigningRoot to SigningData Cosmetic changes from #1737 ethereum/consensus-specs#1740)
• Remove PERSISTENT_ COMMITTEE_PERIOD in favor of SHARD_COMMITTEE_PERIOD (unify PERSISTENT_COMMITTEE_PERIOD and SHARD_COMMITTEE_PERIOD ethereum/consensus-specs#1783)
• Disallow empty aggregation bits in attestations (Handle empty aggregation bits as discussed in #1713 ethereum/consensus-specs#1780)
• Change MAX_ATTESTER_SLASHINGS from 1 to 2 (MAX_ATTESTER_SLASHINGS == 2 and add multiple slashings per block tests ethereum/consensus-specs#1794)
• Ensure balances remain unchanged for optimal validators during inactivity leak (Ensure balances remain unchanged for optimal validators during leak ethereum/consensus-specs#1830)
  Non-substantive:
• Fix some ValidatorIndex type casting (Strict ValidatorIndex definition ethereum/consensus-specs#1714)
• Minor typing fixes (Fix some phase 0 typing ethereum/consensus-specs#1731)
• Clarify eth1 timestamp can be less than genesis time (genesis: clarify that eth1 timestamp can be less than min genesis time ethereum/consensus-specs#1756)
• Clarify that eth1 blocks must be deep enough in chain for consideration for genesis (clarify that eth1 block follow distance for genesis ethereum/consensus-specs#1834) Adhere to ETH1 Follow Distance #5941
• Structure rewards/penalties to allow for more granular testing ([Proposal] rework rewards/penalties to be more granular ethereum/consensus-specs#1747, Single rewards generator ethereum/consensus-specs#1826)

Fork choice 🍴

• Add FFG-LMD vote consistency checks (Added FFG-LMD vote consistency checks ethereum/consensus-specs#1742)
• [Non-substantive] Remove redundant check in validate_on_attestation (Fork choice: Remove redundant check in validate_on_attestation ethereum/consensus-specs#1755)

Validator 🧑‍🤝‍🧑

• Ensure eth1data voting can't move to past eth1data states (ensure can't undo progress with eth1data voting ethereum/consensus-specs#1836) Make ETH1Data Determination More Strict #5944
• [Non-substantive] Minor cleanups and validator sanity tests (Add sanity unit test for validator guide + update validator guide ethereum/consensus-specs#1745)

Networking 🖥️

• Require "seen" aggregates to be valid to bound cache (Require "seen" aggregates to be valid ethereum/consensus-specs#1749)
• Clarify beacon committee assignments are not added to attnets ENR entry (add clarifying note about attnets ENR entry ethereum/consensus-specs#1775)
• Remove interop from p2p spec (Remove interop from p2p spec ethereum/consensus-specs#1767)
• Bump gossipsub to v1.1 and note extended validator enums for gossip conditions (Gossipsub v1.1 and extended validators ethereum/consensus-specs#1796, Bump gossipsub protocol id to /meshsub/1.1.0 ethereum/consensus-specs#1828)
• Clarify blocks in BlocksByRange must be from a single chain (Clarify BlocksByRange request ethereum/consensus-specs#1795) Return Canonical Blocks in Response #5955
• Req/Resp sizes constrained by SSZ bounds (Update p2p reqresp with explicit handling of reqresp size bounds ethereum/consensus-specs#1800)
• Loosen restrictions for aggregate propagation to not require aggregator in bitfield (Loosen restrictions for aggregate propogation ethereum/consensus-specs#1801)
• Use all attestation subnets in Phase 0 ([for discussion] Use all attestation subnets in phase 0 ethereum/consensus-specs#1804)
• Restrict and clarify BlocksByRange request (Strict block range (Rebase and extend #1827) ethereum/consensus-specs#1835) Return Canonical Blocks in Response #5955

BLS 🔑

• Update BLS to use IETF bls draft 2 with hash-to-curve draft 7 (Update to IETF BLS draft-irtf-cfrg-bls-signature-02 + draft-irtf-cfrg-hash-to-curve-07 ethereum/consensus-specs#1799)

[0xKiwi]

I will work on renaming PERSISTENT_COMMITTEE_PERIOD and updating MAX_ATTESTER_SLASHINGS.

[terencechain]

@rauljordan is taking on 1780

[terencechain]

Taking 1712

[terencechain]

Taking 1740

[terencechain]

Taking 1830

[terencechain]

Taking 1742

[terencechain]

Last one before I take a break. Taking 1755

[rauljordan]

We never had an interop network config, so this is done Remove interop from p2p spec (ethereum/eth2.0-specs#1767)

[rauljordan]

Taking up 1800

[rauljordan]

@nisdas for 1800, a bit confused about whether or not we implement what it specifies. It seems like we do all the pieces, I'm just unsure about this part https://github.com/ethereum/eth2.0-specs/pull/1800/files#diff-2e616bac0161143d97e596d333a60561R423. Lmk if you can take a look